The Toulmin Model Applied to a Scene from Saladin the Champion (the crusaders) :: essays research papers

The Toulmin Model Applied to a Scene from Saladin the angiotensin converting enzyme (the crusaders) Saladin Ahmad Mazhar great power Richard Hamdy GaitheVirgenia Lila FawziKing Feleebe Omar Alh argonrri Saladin the champion (the crusaders) talks ab protrude the crusades to gain capital of Israel backward from the Moslem army that was lead by the great sultan Saladin. At the beginning of the movie the Moslems hear about the misfortunate Moslems that are treated badly in capital of Israel, consequently, Saladin takes over Jerusalem in a action with the Christian draw Rhene who was in charge of these actions of killing the Moslems. Rhenes leave goes to Europe seeking help from all the Christian kings, claiming that Moslems kicked the Christians out of Jerusalem and killed there women and children. The European kings prepare a crusade, lead by Richard the king of beasts heart, king of England. Most of the kings didnt think only of having penalise for their faller Christians. Bu t they think of keeping the treasures of the orient from being woolly to Saladin. The crusaders won many battles on their air to Jerusalem, killing many Moslems, by the engagement of an invincible towers that resists flamed arrows. Consequently, the Moslem leader Saladin t hinks of a way to whoremaster the enemy army, by leading them to a trap. The Moslem leader succeeds in his mission, winning the battle and killing many of the Christians army. The panorama begins as the Richard watches the dead bodies of his army at night, then he enters the inhabit where the meeting among the kings, and then tries to oppose the decision of having a armistice with Saladin. The Christian kings are gathered in a tent where they are discussing their location after the last battle, which they were defeated. Richard asks the European kings in their meeting the impressiveness of having a truce with the Muslims. Saying that Saladin is not an easy enemy to defeat, and that we underestimated his modishness in the issues of war. A cut Nobel dub says we still have measure to check Saladin a lesson. Richard mumbles saying too many dead Christian bodies every(prenominal) where I look. The king of France, (king Feelebe), says that a truce is in effect(p) expend cartridge holder, so we have to continue moving towards Jerusalem. The Nobel French knight says our forces are winning and we should continue moving towards Jerusalem, Richard says in sorrow, that time belongs to the pain people who values life because they face death every sidereal day not like the kings.The Toulmin Model Applied to a Scene from Saladin the hold (the crusaders) essays research papersThe Toulmin Model Applied to a Scene from Saladin the Champion (the crusaders) Saladin Ahmad MazharKing Richard Hamdy GaitheVirgenia Lila FawziKing Feleebe Omar Alharerri Saladin the champion (the crusaders) talks about the crusades to gain Jerusalem back from the Moslem army that was lead by the great sultan S aladin. At the beginning of the movie the Moslems hear about the misfortunate Moslems that are treated badly in Jerusalem, consequently, Saladin takes over Jerusalem in a battle with the Christian leader Rhene who was in charge of these actions of killing the Moslems. Rhenes widow goes to Europe seeking help from all the Christian kings, claiming that Moslems kicked the Christians out of Jerusalem and killed there women and children. The European kings prepare a crusade, lead by Richard the lion heart, king of England. Most of the kings didnt think only of having revenge for their fellow Christians. But they think of keeping the treasures of the orient from being lost to Saladin. The crusaders won many battles on their way to Jerusalem, killing many Moslems, by the use of an invincible towers that resists flamed arrows. Consequently, the Moslem leader Saladin t hinks of a way to trick the enemy army, by leading them to a trap. The Moslem leader succeeds in his mission, winning the b attle and killing many of the Christians army. The scene begins as the Richard watches the dead bodies of his army at night, then he enters the tent where the meeting among the kings, and then tries to oppose the decision of having a truce with Saladin. The Christian kings are gathered in a tent where they are discussing their status after the last battle, which they were defeated. Richard asks the European kings in their meeting the importance of having a truce with the Muslims. Saying that Saladin is not an easy enemy to defeat, and that we underestimated his cleverness in the issues of war. A French Nobel knight says we still have time to teach Saladin a lesson. Richard mumbles saying too many dead Christian bodies every where I look. The king of France, (king Feelebe), says that a truce is just wasting time, so we have to continue moving towards Jerusalem. The Nobel French knight says our forces are winning and we should continue moving towards Jerusalem, Richard says in sorrow, that time belongs to the tortured people who values life because they face death every day not like the kings.

Child Play

Play and archean infanthood education is non tho a way to fill time for infantren who argon too materialisation to go to school. slightly people think of round as the work of youngsterren (Berger, 2000). with joke and early childhood education, children build the foundation for later erudition as they solve problems and increase their understanding of themselves, another(prenominal) people, and the world most them. Being in a stimulating environment, such as an early childhood center, pull up stakess a child with the much needed support to contract skills for dealing with emotions, expanding language and vocabulary, and an array of other skills.Putting children in environments where they argon not stimulated bay window be harmful to their bring aboutment during the range days. For young children, tinker includes a variety of activities that argon fun and interesting. These activities include softened sword joke, creative play, ener crossic play, dramatic pl ay, games, and manipulative play. Play may be structured or unstructured. Structured play has rules or a peculiar(prenominal) way of doing things. Games such as active games, card games, and board games are ex broads of structured play. Unstructured play includes activities such as dress-up play, doll play, mental synthesis blocks, running and climbing, and riding tricycles.These activities are sociodramatic and rough-and-tumble play (Berger, 2000). A child may play alone or engage in brotherly play by including other children or adults. Social play has a critical role in helping children contemplate to interact with others. Some research has identified stages of hearty play. Children pass through these stages as they grow, nice capable of more interactive play as they develop. According to Berger, onlooker play occurs when a child seems to be playing alone date watching others play activities.Solitary play occurs when a child plays alone or near another child with no interac tion between them. Berger states that agree play refers to childrens play when they are near each other and using similar materials however with little or no social interaction. Associative play is similar to parallel play but involves some(a) social interaction. Cooperative play includes common goals and collabo proportionalityn, and may involve compound negotiation, collaborative decision making, and rule setting (Berger, 2000). While we were at the VCU child emergence center, I witnessed children playing proscribeddoors.I saw some cooperative play in games such as hide-n-seek and duck-duck-goose, where the children played the games by rules that were taught to them. Most of the play witnessed was unstructured play in which the children decided what the cherished to do and how they wanted to do it. One little boy sat in solitary play building mini castles out of gumption, while another lifesize root word of children just ran in circles around the playground screaming. M any kids just sat back and watched as others played games, while they sat in the sand box occasionally scooping sand which demonstrated onlooker play.Lastly, a group of children sat in a corner observing flowers or bushes having conversation about them, which demonstrated associative play Childrens play sometimes has less to do with other people than with finding out about the world. Young children naturally explore their environments in playful slipway that help them understand the physical environment and their accept bodies. This type of play is sometimes called sensorimotor play. As they vary their actions and interact with toys and other objects, children turn around what their own muscles can do, and they gain practice of the movements that they need for everyday life.They as tumefy require affordances to learn about gravity and other principles of the physical world. What children learn through play is also very much affected by the flavour of the early education sha re political program that they are in. When clear-cut for child care, every call down wants to leave their child knowing that they are handled by a warm, nurturing adult, who has knowledge of how children grow and develop. The adult should also have an understanding of the needs and interests of individual children because this is essential for a childs growth.Children should be valued for themselves and not for what they do or how they look. safe(p) phencyclidines move to panorama children positively and help them learn what to do rather than centre on what not to do. They help children learn to take responsibility for their own actions and eventually develop self-discipline. Rules should be reasonable, consistent, and nearly explained. Children are treated with respect. When caregivers view themselves positively and feel rock-steady about their work, they model a good self-image for the children. It is essential for caregivers and teachers to help parents feel a part of the program.The parents and school teachers should piece of ground information in order to understand more fully a childs needs and provide the best coordinated twenty-four-hour schedules for the child. Parents can share Copernican family values, goals for their child, methods of discipline, and changes in the childs scale environment while teachers can share the program goals, special activities for the child, weekly plans, and how they believe children learn (Azria-Evans). Teachers also can lend oneself appropriate community resources for the school and help parents find needed resources. Good relationships among staff members are strategic.If the children see adults working together cooperatively and puzzle out problems successfully, they will learn to use some of these skills. All staff members must maintain professional ethics, which includes protecting the privacy of the children and families in their program. Centers also are required to go through a process to make po sitive(predicate) they are meeting state standards. Licensing of child-care centers and family child-care homes gives parents some protection. States vary in their requirements for the facilities and the staff, abominable clearance of caregivers, health and safely regulations, and child-adult ratios (Azria-Evans).The adult-to-child ratio affects the individual attention granted to each child and the group size affects the interactions of children. Ages of children are followed by adult-to-child ratio and group size (Azria-Evans). Multi-age grouping is permissible and often encouraged. The adult-to-child ratio and group size requirements are based on the age of the majority of children, but when infants are included, ratios and group size for the infants must be maintained. Child care center may also choose to attain an additional franchise through The National Association for Education of Young Children (Azria-Evans).By getting this assay-mark a child care center shows that they have gone to a higher place and beyond state standards to provide the best care and learning environment for children. Along with that the center should be a good fit for the parent and child (Azria-Evans). It is essential that parents visit a center and talk with the director, teachers, and children originally enrolling their child there. The child should also visit the program before world enrolled. The school should welcome unannounced visits. The parents must check for safety in the total environment.Is the equipment appropriate and in good condition? Are gate latched so children cannot get out? Are activities well supervised? in that location should be a variety of developmentally and culturally appropriate activities as well as equipment and materials so that each child can develop in all areas such as physical, social, intellectual, emotional, and creative. Physical development includes extended and small motor skills and health issues. Particular attention should be g ive to routines such as eating, toileting, and resting. Intellectual development involves the cquisition of language skills as well as general knowledge about ones world and how to function in daily tasks. Children need opportunities to play and work with other children as well as to play and work alone. Activities should be balanced between active and quiet play both indoors and outdoors. Some activities should be teacher-directed while others should be selected by the child. The transition times between activities should be relaxed and provide pleasant learning experiences. Learning centers should reflect childrens families, cultures, and interests.Learning centers should include table-top activities with manipulative materials, activities with housekeep props, dramatic play, books and quiet corner, music and movement, art and creative activities, cooking and scientific discipline areas, and a block area. Look for outdoor climbing equipment, space to run, bicycle toys, sensory motor activities such as obstacle courses, balls, beanbags, and hoops. Children need carpentry, gardening, and ample sand, water, and mud play. There should be nature walks and trips away from the center.At the VCU child development center the children had built a replica of New York City, with demonstrated a table-top activity. Outdoors the play area had two wooden playhouses, and the entire play area had little garden throughout. There was also a sand pit in the middle of the playground. The arrangements families make for their children can vary dramatically, including care by relatives center-based care, including preschool early education programs family child care provided in the caregivers home and care provided in the childs home by nannies or babysitters.How a family chooses this care is influenced by family values, affordability, and availability. For many families, high-quality child care is not affordable, which results in compromises. The benefits of high quality care ar e that when care is consistent, developmentally sound, and emotionally supportive, there is a positive tack on the child and the family. The children that are in a poor quality environment are less probable to be prepared for school demands and more likely to have some development problems, which sometimes can not be fixed.These include reading and language problems, because the children have not been in a nurturing environment to develop these skills. These students are more likely to fall behind in school. All in all, the play years are essential to a childs development. The type of play that they do and the child care center that they attend is very important in determining how a child develops. A lot of impression should go into choosing a child care center, because we all want our children to get the proper amount of play for their age group to make surely the develop the skills needed later on in life.

Bentham and Kant Essay

Jeremy Bentham was an English philosopher and political radical. He is highly cognize and respected today for his moral philosophy, primarily his principle of utilitarianism. Utilitarianism evaluates pret determinationions based upon their consequences. Bentham is virtu besidesy excellently known for his pursuit of motivation and value. Bentham was a strong worshipper in individual and economic freedom, the separation of church and evidence, freedom of expression, comprise rights for women, the right to divorce and the decriminalizing of homosexual acts.During his time he helped with the abolishment of sla real, the abolition of the death penalty and the abolition of physical punishment, including children. Bentham was born in Houndsditch, capital of the United Kingdom in 1748 to a very wealthy family who supported the Tory party. He was very intelligent and bright minded. When he was a toddler he was set up behind his fathers desk reading the history of England and at rip en three he began studying Latin. He obtained his masters peak from Oxford College in 1766, where there after he trained as a attorney but never practiced.Instead, Bentham decided to write close to the law. One of Benthams major influences was Joseph Priestley. Bentham read Priestleys run a focal point and had quickly changed his mind about the conservative political views that he had grown up in. One story in particular from The First Principles of Government and the Nature of Political, Civil and ghostly Liberty had a major impact on Bentham The good and ecstasy of the members, that is the majority of the members of the state, is the great standard by which every thing relating to that state must finally be determined. Bentham was also heavily influenced by the philosopher David Hume. In 1798 Bentham wrote Principles of International Law where he argued that universal peace could only be obtained by first achieving European Unity. He hoped that some for of European parlia ment would be subject to enforce the liberty of the press, free trade, the abandonment of all colonies and a reduction in the mvirtuosoy being spent on armaments. One of Benthams most famous works was Constitutional ordinance in 1830. Here Bentham sh ares many a(prenominal) of his ideas and beliefs on political democracy.Bentham argues that political rectify should be dictated by the principal that the new system forget promote the happiness of the majority of the people affected by it. He also argues about universal suffrage, annual parliaments and vote by ballot. Bentham believed that there should be no king, no Ho uptake of Lords and no established church. In Constitutional Code Bentham also includes his view that men and women should be able to vote. Bentham also addressed the problem of how government should be organized and suggests the invariable inspection of the work of politicians and government officials.Perhaps Benthams most famously noted for his work with Utilitar ianism and is noted as the founder of modern utilitarianism. His work gutter be found in his book The Principles of Morals and Legislation. Utilitarianism is define as a theory in normative ethics dimension that the proper course of action is the mavin that maximizes utility, specifically defined as maximizing happiness and reducing suffering. Bentham examined the concept of punishment and when it should be utilize as far as whether a punishment allow pull in more pleasure or pain for society.He believed that the legislation of a society is vital to maintain the maximum pleasure and the minimum degree of pain for the greatest amount of people. Jeremy Bentham passed away on June 6th 1832 at the age of 84. Immanuel Kant Immanuel Kant was born, lived and passed away in his home town of Konigsberg. He lived from 1724 to 1804. He studied at the local university and later returned to tutor and lecture students. It wasnt until he met an English merchant by the name of Joseph Green that Kant acquire of David Hume and began to develop his ideas of morals and values.Kants Critique of Pure Reason (1781) is believed to many to be his greatest work. Kants was known mainly, however, for his moral code The matt Imperative. Immanuel Kant was a follower of Deontology, or duty ethics. Deontology is a theory retentivity that decisions should be made solely or primarily by considering ones duties and the rights of others. One of the most fundamental implications of deontology is that a persons behaviour can be wrong even if it results in the trounce possible outcome. And, an act can be right even if it results in a bad outcome.In contrast to consequentialism, a philosophy infamous for its claim that the ends justify the delegacy, deontology insists that how people accomplish their goals is usually, or always, more important than what people accomplish. Kants moral philosophy is based on the monotone imperative, good lead, and duty. correspond to the categorical i mperative, it is an absolute necessity, a command that human being should accord with universalizable maxims to treat people as ends in themselves and exercise their will without any concerns about the consequences or conditions of their actions.This concept can also be expressed in systematic terms by the two avocation formulations. The first form of the categorical imperative prescribes that we must act only according to that maxim whereby we can at the same time will that it should become a universal law. The second one states that we ought to treat humanity, whether in our own person or in the person of another, always at the same time as an end and never simply as a means. In order to obey the categorical imperative, people hire to act on a maxim that can be universalized.For instance, Kant argues that a lying promise is bad since it does not pass the universality test. Whenever a person considers a promise knowing that he will cast to break it, he violates the first formu lation of the categorical imperative. He intends to make use of another man merely as a means to an end which the latter does not likewise hold. In other words, Kant does not believe that lying promises are bad due to the fact that they commit bad consequences but because they result in a practical contradiction. According to him, people cant lie since they cant act for the results.Considering the second formulation of the categorical imperative, we assimilate the need to have others workings for us limited to some morality principles without treating them merely as a means. Kant believes that even though we have the ability to create our own ends, we cant use people for our own devise. If we interfere with others to pursue their end plot of land pursuing our own end, we violate their autonomy. We cant have double standards for ourselves and for others. It is morally obligatory for us to respect others since people are rational agents.We must respect everyone in the exact same w ay and treat them as autonomous. As rational beings, humans are systematically united through common laws within the Kingdom of Ends. We belong to this solid ground as a member when we legislate in it universal laws while also being ourselves subject to these laws. According to Kant, everyone, no matter who they are, should be both the legislator and the follower of moral laws. Overall, Kants theory emphasizes that no one is an exception to moral laws, that people must act on potently held beliefs or duties that are not in their own interest, and that we should never use people.

Cars Versus motorcycles Essay

In the united states many large number buy elevator cars and pedals. Some people opt driving cars rather than motorcycles. Both atomic number 18 very popular types of fargon these days. Cars and motorcycles be render many divagations in their cost, convenience ,safety, comfort and maintenance.The first variety between cars and motorcycles are the cost. For example, people need to pay a chew of money if they want to buy or lease a car. as yet, motorcycles are cheaper to rent or buy. Also, cars are more convenient than motorcycles. For instance, cars can fare many people but motorcycles do non do it. Also, cars generate air condition and people can listen music plot of ground they gross out. Other, advantages have a car is another person can drive for someone when he is drunk. Motorcycles are al near popular in recent people because is most exciting, easy to parking and avoids traffic.The second important difference is safety. For example, cars have seat beats and ai r bags can protect the drivers. However ,in motorcycles, people only can use helmet, so drivers are fragile. Also, cars have a cage most protectors in case of accident than motorcycles. Although, the car insurance is the most expensive than motorcycles it covers all damage. Also, people in motorcycle need to use sunglasses for protect their eyes. In case of awful accident people in motorcycle died, so cars are most safety.Other essential differences are comfort and maintenance .Motorcycles do not have comfort because seats are very awkward. However ,cars have soft seats and if it is raining people will not tolerate wet. When people need to change oil and tires, it is very expensive. Also, cars are most difficult to repair and use a lot of gas. However ,motorcycles are too easy repair because do not have a big motor. Motorcycles are not difficult to maintain.In conclusion ,cars and motorcycles are very different in their cost, convenience, safety, comfort and maintenance. A lot of people buy cars or motorcycles, it is a very common type of conveyance of title .Each person buys a vehicle that they like for their features.

Fundamental Difference between Judaism and Christianity Essay

Judaism and deliverymanianity atomic number 18 closely related religions that can trace their origins back to Abraham and be considered in the studies of comparative religion as Abrahamic religion or Judeo-Abrahamic Faith. duration there atomic number 18 those who argue that Christianity is a religion that began independently from Judaism, interpretations of biblical texts from the Old Testament reveal that it started out as Jewish religious sect during the late Second Temple period of the 1st century. The origins of Judaism on the new(prenominal) hand are still unclear as there are debates regarding the source of this religion.Most scholars however agree that the Genesis book of the Hebrew Bible is the canonical that bears on that question. Whatever the origins of these religions maybe, it is clear that they are presently considered as two (2) separate religions that differ on many important issues. The first fundamental issue upon which Christianity and Judaism differ is with regard to the introduction of God. Christianity call backs that the existence of God is manifested in the blessed leash. God, according to the Christians, exists as three (3) perspicuous persons who share a single essence, God the Father, God the Son, and God the Holy Spirit.God is indivisible but the persons who form the trinity are intelligible from each other. This notion of God existing as the Holy Trinity runs contrary to the tenets of Judaism as they believe that God exists solely as a single indivisible divine being. The idea of the Holy Trinity is inscrutable to the followers of Judaism because of the rejection of the notion that Jesus or any other physical object or living being could be God, that God could surrender a literal son in physical form or is divisible in any way, or that God could be conjugated to the material world in such fashion.While Judaism has two (2) diverse words used to label God (transcendence = Ein Sof and immanence = Shekhinah), the se refer however to ways of experiencing God and still maintain the indivisibility of God. The other fundamental difference of opinion between Christianity and Judaism is with regard to the idea of pilot film misdeed. The creation of Original Sin is found only in Christianity and it makes the assumption that all human beings are innate(p) with the original sin which is derived from the sin of Adam and Eve in the Garden of Eden.This basically theorizes that every wholeness is born a sinner and nobody is born a saint. The only exception to this rule however is Jesus Christ who is regarded as the only person born without original sin. The concept if Original Sin does not exist in Judaism. Instead, Judaism holds that people have secrete will and have the ability to affect the course of their lives even if they be born naturally with a beloved inclination or pestilential inclination. Judaism holds that humans are born with either yetzer hatov or good inclination, or yetzer hara or bad inclination but can change because of relinquish will.According to the teachings in some sects of Judaism, there can be no original sin because Adam and Eve cannot be blamed for alimentation the forbidden fruit because the notion of evil or of sin did not arise until after the fruit was eaten. Judaism and Christianity also differ with regard to the concept of love. According to certain scholars, love, as understood in the Christian sense, is equal to charity and that love in the Judaic context means nicety.This is seen in this bible passage Whereas Jews believe that law is the net fulfillment of love, Christians believe that love is the fulfillment of the Law. An examination of the core commandments of Judaism reveals that love as justice means that God commands the love of his people or Israel but neer professes his love for his people (Israel). The Christian concept of love is manifested by the legion(predicate) acts of charity that Jesus Christ was said to perform dur ing his lifetime including the ultimate act of love which was sacrificing himself to atone for the sins of man.These fundamental differences between Judaism and Christianity have give rise to the existence of two (2) separate religions who may arguably be worshipping the same God. Whatever the justifications are for having such fundamental differences, there is one common ground that not only Judaism and Christianity but also other religions can agree upon, that is that one should always seek to do good for others and learn to respect the beliefs of others.

College degree Essay

The quest for college decimal point has brought us to here HCC, because in that location was no real fulfillment in our various jobs. The benefits from having a college program line are manifold and range from jobs satisfaction, spunkyer earning potential, and healthier flavor mood choices. With the advances in technology, many of todays jobs now require more(prenominal) than a high tutor information or trade skills. victor in the workforce is increasingly defined by the ability to intend critically, manipulate a computer, and to work collaboratively in a teaming environment.Todays college cultivation develops these abilities, providing individuals with invaluable business and personal skills and knowledge, as well as opening the door to better(p) career opportunities and increased earning power. Having a college degree is linked to higher pay. People with a higher level of education are more satisfied in their jobs than people who only go through a high school diploma. For example, in 2012 the median of earnings for three-year-old adults with a bachelors degree was $46,900, while the median was $22,900 for those without a high school credential and $30,000 for those with a high school credential.In some other words, schoolboyish adults with a bachelors degree pull in more than twice as much as those without a high school credential (105 percent more) and 57 percent more than young adult high school completers. (National Center for Education Statistics website). One of the biggest arguments against a college education is not being able to go work when you enlistment eighteen. Many people believe that this willing cause them to fall tail and not be able save up enough money.A college education will let you skip the line and start operative with better jobs, in better places, with better conditions, and on top of that, the unemployment range for high school graduates have increased to 8. 1% in the delay year (Value of a Degree). The bottom line is that better jobs come from a better education. College education will help in making good choice and have a healthier life style. Apparently those with a college education are more likely to withstand healthier lifestyles, with fewer incidences of smoking and obesity.The gap between smoking place of those with high school diplomas and those with four-year degrees has risen from 2 percentage points in 1962 to 17 points in 2012. College-educated adults of all ages, and their children, are also less likely to be obese. In addition, mothers with higher levels of education spend more time with their children, heedless of whether they are employed or not (Top Universities). Also in the other hand, according to Malcom X Education is the passport to the future, for tomorrow belongs to those who throw for it today. The Luck of education is a serious problem today. Some cause include illiteracy and increased drop rate, this is also leads to have a trouble finding work. It is dif ficult to see the exact value of your education in the beginning. However, finishing high school is an asset that everyone with the opportunity should acknowledge full advantage of. Just finishing high school opens up some doors, but not many. On the contrary, not going to school can result in higher unemployment and on that pointfore a heart for extra burden on the society.You can see from the chart that there is a dramatic difference between what a person will be paid with a diploma and as a college graduate. match to the chart a college graduate can bring home close fifty-percent more than a person with a high school diploma. higher(prenominal) education opens up opportunities for people. It gives student the experience and the confidence that they will be able to use in many life situations. Attending college gives students opportunities to get themselves and to learn about other people and their ideas.Although college isnt for everyone, everyone should at least give it a try. By going to college you learn to become independent, you go into the race for bigger, safer, better jobs, and you make more money on the other side. If you are given the opportunity to go to college, you should take advantage of it. You efficacy even find out that you like it. The college experience is both donnish and practical. College gives us a great opportunity to grow intellectually and gives us a chance to mature.

When Kids Get Life

In the Frontline video When Kids position emotional state we were introduced to 5 cases in the state of Colorado where adolescent boys had been sentenced to life enslavement without pa character. After watching the video I found myself struggling to assimilate an objective opinion on the issue presented, nighly because of someoneal experiences macrocosm a victim of childhood pervert and also having a family genus Phallus (my brother) murdered. I felt the video to be really one sided scarcely I do find myself agreeing with the point the producers were trying to make.I retrieve that teenagers should occupy more opportunities at rehabilitation from wickednesss committed before the age of 21 then those criminals that are convicted after the age of 21. I also observe strongly that when it comes to teenagers and violent crimes that great emphasis needs to be laid on the motive for the crime, for example if in that location was persistent bound abuse or neglect as well a s either means abuse involved, and what kind of support if either the child has ever had in their lives.In my opinion the age at which a person should be given over life imprisonment is 21. I developed this opinion for three reasons. The offset printing being my personal experience, there were two men involved in my brothers murder one man was 26 at the time and the other was just barely 18, neither man was sentenced to any long term prison time but of the two the 18 year old has shown greater signs of rehabilitation.I have also had a traffic circle of exposure to the darker side of society and I have seen more rise come from the younger criminals then I have from the older ones. My indorse reason is the overwhelming amount of scientific evidence regarding brain organic evolution and mental processes. According to the Time magazine article What Makes Teens Tick Dr. Jay Giedd states that The very last part of the brain to be pruned or shaped to its heavy(p) dimensions is the anterior cortex, home of the executive functions. This area of the brain is the part that allows adults to consider the consequences of their actions.A teenager may understand the principles of right and wrong but lose the ability to realize the ramifications of any wrong they might do. In some other article by Lee Bowman of the Scripps Howard News Service Deborah Yurgelun-Todd of Harvard checkup School and McClean Hospital says that When shown a set of peoples faces contort in fear, adults named the right emotion, but teens seldom did, often saying the person was angry. Yurgelun-Todd and her team per directed this test using the fMRI and discovered an amazing inequality in the parts of the brain being used. The adults used two the prefrontal cortex and the amygdala to process what they saw and younger teens relied entirely on the amygdala while older teens (oldest being 17) showed a progressive falling out toward using the frontal cortex My third reason is the hormone pa rt according to an article published by the American Bar Association.One of the hormones which has the most dramatic effect on the body in adolescence is testosterone. Testosterone is closely associated with encroachment it increases tenfold in adolescent boy. Considering all of this information I feel that 21 would be a punter age to consider juristic culpability of a person. I do not feel that teenage offenders of violent crime should go unpunished but life in prison seems to be an excessive punishment for a teenager unable(predicate) of comprehending the consequences of his actions.My last issue to address is the circumstances by which an offender should touch life imprisonment. I feel that when it comes to cases of long term abuse of any kind when a teenager is feeling pushed into a corner and the solo way out is to kill or be killed there go away undoubtedly be a negative outcome. There is a long list of possible effects and none of them are positive anything from medici ne and alcohol abuse, to self harm, to suicide, to homicide. One researcher Phyllis L.Crocker of C take aimand-Marshall College of Law wrote that the nexus amid poverty, childhood abuse and neglect, social and emotional dysfunction, alcohol, and drug abuse and crime is so tight in the lives of many capital defendants as to form a kind of social historical profile. According to Dr. Chris Mallett, globe Policy Director at Bellefaire Jewish Childrens Bureau in Ohio more that 30% of death row juvenile offenders had experienced sixer or more distinct areas of childhood trauma with an overall mean(a) of four such experiences per offender.Mallett also found that such mitigating evidence was presented to juries in fewer than half of the offenders trials . That fact I find astonishing I feel passionately that the motivation behind a teenagers violent act should play a very hefty role in the prosecution of any said act. The cases highlighted in the video When Kids Get Life were very distu rbing to me because several of the cases involved long term sexual and psychological abuse and it appeared that no one took that into consideration at the time of trial.In conclusion I feel that no violent crime should be excused however life imprisonment should be uncommunicative for those over the age of 21, or for the truly psychotic individuals out there in society. Any teenager that is convicted of a violent crime should be given prison time but then after a determined amount of time re-evaluate the person psychologically and determine level of rehabilitation. I believe that people (even criminals) can change in both directions good and bad, and teenagers have an even greater capacity to change for the better if guided in the right direction.

Toyota Motor Manufacturing Usa – Seat Problem

1. As Doug Friesen, what would you do to address the seat problem? Where would you focus your attention and ascendent efforts? Why? The two major causes of seat defects originate with KFS, relating to material flaws and lacking part. The seat bolster issue is a distant third. As KFS is the liable party the situation needs to be addressed at their site. exploitation the traditional TMC first principle of lets go perceive it and then converge on the Five Whys, Doug should visit KFS and shoot the breeze the manufacturing and QC surgical operation.By focusing on uncovering issues at the extension of the seating, it is plausibly there will be fewer problems at the TMM plant. The focus on QC at KFS could potentially eliminate 113 of the 138 problems describe between 14-30 April, 1992. In the absolutely term, address the immediate issue of the backlog by reconciling orders with KFS to tick the backlog is cleared. This would require little resource and be a dissolute win. 2. W hat options exist? What would you recommend? Why?Simplifying the seat could reduce the problem since crop proliferation appears to added complexity to KFS manufacturing process, though its unlikely that the designers will take this feedback as welcome given similar issues are not faced at the Japanese plant. Redesigning the seat or replacing easily broken parts could reduce breakage and installation issues, while training the staff to be more careful with installation, or the KFS staff with multitude, may also be an option.Replacing the supplier would be a high-risk option that would tho be explored if the issues at KFS were so irreversible that TMM had no other choice. plot of land all of these options may potentially address part of the issue, improving the QC process and then working backwards from there into the conclave and manufacture at KFS will ultimately have the greatest single impact on issue efficiency. 3. Where, if at all, does the current routine for handling de fective seats deviate from the principles of the Toyota Production System?One of the major underlying principles of TPS was building in timber on the marge. The reporting of defects at the seat assembly point did not appear to be consistent and was only bring out by interviewing team leaders on the factory floor. In addition, cars were reported as defective yet continued down the assembly production line until completion, where they were taken off-line to wait for a replacement seat. Nowhere else on the line were cars removed due to defect team leaders or production managers were responsible for resolving issues while still in the assembly line.The reasons for doing so appeared rational, since the car could be finished with a defective seat, seats needed to be ordered from KFS and stopping the line for such a lengthy period would have decreased productivity. One flaw in the process was that there were flaws that could be rectified in the encrypt 1 clinic. These flaws could ha ve been dealt with while on the assembly line and thus trim back the burden in the clinic, while raising awareness of common defects and their source earlier in the process.The clinic did not appear to have the same reporting responsibilities as the assembly line since management were not aware of the briny causes of the defects. 4. What is the real problem facing Doug Friesen? Process and feedback management problems at TMM and quality control management issues at KFS were the underlying reasons for the seat problems. Moreover, the jidoka process had been bypassed in the seat installation process, exposing a potential weakness in the production line.Doug should implement an in-line attempt at fixing seat problems prior to the referral to the Code 1 Clinic. Regular feedback from the clinic as well as the assembly line would improve information transparency and identify the source of defects for management at the earliest point in the process. Finally, the same processes should be a dopted at KFS and QC strengthened considerably to avoid the delivery of defective seats as much as possible. Since this is a critical path to seat delivery, no seats should pass to TMM without a thorough QC test at KFS.

Physical Activity at School Is Important Essay

Physical military action is important in many various ways. Aim for 30 proceeding of tangible exertion a sidereal day on most age of the week. Your activity can be spread out through the day. test for 10 minutes at a time, but even a few minutes counts. A big originator natural activity important is having strong bones. another(prenominal) big reason is having a better heart and lungs. Another reason physical activity is important is because everybody demand a lot of energy. All three of these reasons are important in our everyday lives. My first reason is you get stronger bones. Having stronger bones is one of the principal(prenominal) reasons of physical activity and its importance.A personal experience that has happened to me is that my uncle never exercised and got osteoporosis. exercise just a few minutes each day forget gain you stronger bones. Every minute counts. Want muscles? Exercise at to the lowest degree 30 minutes each day for a long finish of time I guar antee you results. My second reason is having a fitter heart and lungs. This is also one of the main reasons of physical activity and its importance. A personal experience Ive gone through is that my grandpa died from chronic infirmity. Try keeping your heart and lungs extremely healthy. Avoid heart disease and acute disease.Nobody likes that. Live a long and healthier life. My trine and final reason is having more energy. More energy throughout the day is magnificent. A personal experience that Ive gone through is having no energy. Exercising allows more energy to flow through your body and be more enthusiastic during the day. In conclusion I believe physical is important in various ways. One reason is because you maintain stronger bones. Another reason is because you get a healthier heart and lungs. And the last reason is you get more energy. This content has shown most of the important reasons of why physical activity is important.

Rhetorical Analysis Essay – “Farm Girl”

Is todays society get too sluttish with their electric razorren? Why ar parents not giving their churlren chores? W put on are kids lacking by not being held accountable? What happens when baberen do not run through responsibilities at a younger age? My rhetorical analysis is foc determinationd on the short memoir Farm girlfriend from Jessica Hemauer who vividly paints you as the examineer a picture of what it was the like growing up on the kindle and the effect it had on her liveliness. This piece is one for the masses.The way Hemauers remembrance of growing up on the grow is writdecade could be for a wide range of people to comprehend. She much than likely wrote this memoir for an earreach that had gone through trying measures or at the time are currently going through times that are getting them down to see that those times do not always have to be a bad thing it move be a good thing as well. With it being titled Farm Girl, being so easy to follow and an interest ing piece to read Hemauer attracted far more than she intended.It could be read by everyone that is interested to the highest degree what it is like growing up on a call forth or what chores may do for their child and many more as well. In the audiences face right from the begging with intense details, Hemauer has the tending of the reader, because like myself, most individuals in todays world couldnt even fathom wanting to get up nor waking their ten year old child up at 5 A. M. Her use of emotional details in the explanation of how hard it is to get up and how even if she is to argue with her father it wont get her anyplace makes the reader feel sorry for her.though it is common place for her siblings and herself they dont enjoy doing it as described by Jessica As we dress, not a single word is spoken because we all feel the same way, I hate this (Hemauer, 2011, p. 113). Without this explanation from her, most people could logically gather that a group of children would never b e enthusiastic almost waking aboriginal to do study on a uprise nor any work at all for that matter.Hemauer then goes on to describe their duties on the farm before going to shallow, how she feels at school when she has nothing to talk about at lunch and how she yearns to be involved in sports and clubs at school not being able to participate in school activities like my friends makes me feel left out and depressed (Hemauer, 2011, p. 115). Appealing to the reader ethically Hemauer expresses what a too large portion of kids in school want to do and be a part of cause they get to buy the farm more time with friends and be part of something bigger than themselves.Finally, Hemauer is allowed to participate in basketball game but must still complete her chores which she is willing to comply with In eighth grade I really want to play basketball, and after begging and pleading with my parents, they finally say I can get in touch the team as long as I continue to attend to with ch ores in the morning before school and after practice (Hemauer, 2011, p. 115). Though it is tough and causes her to fall asleep in classes sometimes, she manages to do both. Thankfully, only for a short time, then her father decides to hire help due to the farm growing so large and realizing how much his children have given up over the years.Though at the time it is unknown to her how the experience had affected her life, afterwards she reflects on the adult she became because of it Each day of my life there are times when I reflect back to working on the farm (Hemauer, 2011, p. 117). How Hemauer conveys her memoir and looks back on her childhood, shows us how valuable chores can be to a child despite how much they dislike doing them. A large percent of todays youth lacks the drive or rivalry to push their selves because they unlike Hemauer have not had the responsibilities of such magnitude nor any bestowed upon them. In earlier generations, children and adolescents were given mea ningful opportunities to be responsible by contributing not only to their households but also to their larger communities, state Markella Rutherford, assistant professor of sociology at Wellesley College in Massachusetts and author of the new-fashioned study, Childrens Autonomy and Responsibility An Analysis of Child Rearing Advice (Lack of household chores fashioning children less responsible, claims survey, 2009). Chores used to be the accessible norm and without them a child misses out on learning valuable life skills. Chores allow children an primal and sustained opportunity to experience responsibility. Independence and self-sufficiency in life are tied, ultimately, to mastery of two types of responsibility personal responsibility and social responsibility (Rowland, 2000, Brown University Child &038 Adolescent Behavior Letter, 16(6), 1). Though it can said many times, different ways that chores can help your child it is also said that you should never ask your child to do s omething hat you yourself wouldnt do and they should be used by busy parents to spend more quality time with their child. Essentially helping both the child grow from the responsibilities and allowing the parent to spend more time with the child. References Jessica Hemauer (2011) Farm Girl. In Roen, D, Glau, and Maid,B (Eds) The McGraw-Hill Guide Writing for college, Writing for life. (Pg. 113-117) Boston, MH Mcgraw Hill P. Barrett, R. (2000). Assigned chores help acquire social, personal responsibility. Brown University Child &038 Adolescent Behavior Letter, 16(6), 1.

Spinoza vs Descartes on God

Abstract and Referential Ontology Descartes Versus de de de Spinoza on the Existence of theology. The fantasy of deity is central to the development of Cartesian and Spinozan doctrine. Although some(prenominal) philosophers employ an ontological list for the humankindity and necessity of god the particularized constitution of deity disagrees greatly with each account. While Descartes suggests a Judeo-Christian concept of beau reportl, Spinoza fence ins a much monistic deity similar to that of the Hindu custom. The close to signifi rottert difference however, lies inside the basis and body structure of each strain itself.Considered from an analytical standpoint through and through the lens of Gotlobb Frege, Descartes proof of deity be possessed ofes twain whizz and university extension and is at that maneuverfore capable of discourseing the fairness. Spinozas argument however, employs finger al unitary, thereof rendering it neither veritable nor false only when quite literally pithless. A detailed abbreviation of Descartes guesss of First Philosophy in meeting of chiefs with Spinozas Ethics will help elucidate these claims. Before an analysis of Cartesian and Spinozan theology displace occur, an visiting of each possibleness mustiness scratch gull place.The Cartesian proof of graven image is outlined in Meditation Three of the Meditations. Within this work Descartes suggests a causal argument for the followence of a supreme universe. This argument seat be broken garbage down as follows 1. Every social occasion has a wee-wee 2. We have an psyche of the place 3. An sentiment of an in limited could non be received by a mortal thing 4. paragon is unconditi mavind 5. Only an infinite divinity fudge is adequate to ca function this cerebration 6. God populates An argument such as this implies a specific understanding of Causation. According to Descartes, everything from inclination to thinking must have a de bo urninate lay down.That is, finite founding is not self-generating but rather the fruit of something else. The cause in question depends upon the degree of noble and quarry foundation it possesses. Formal truthfulness refers to humankind inwardly this human race. For example, a steer has formal veridicality as an empirical object just as an idea has formal reality as a mode of vox populi. Objective reality refers to institution as re move overed via ideas. That is, an idea of a tree possesses two formal reality as a mode of thought and prey reality as a representation of a specific tree.According to Descartes, a cause must possess at least as overmuch formal reality as its effect contains objective reality. (Descartes 16) For example, the idea of a tree must be caused by something of more formal beingness indoors this creative activity than objective cosmos via its representation. Therefore, the idea of tree must be caused by a specific tree rather than the ide a of a specific shrub. Descartes applies this reasoning to the idea of God in the argument above. irrespective of whether or not we think God actually exists we pecknot deny that an idea of God is therefore within our mind.If we have an idea of God indeed(prenominal) this idea must not only have a cause but a cause with more formal reality than objective reality of the idea itself. That is, that which the idea of God is referencing must be more substantial than the finite idea of the mind. The only cause more officially real than finite existence is infinite existence. Since the only conceivable infinite existence is that of God, Descartes concludes that In creating me, God placed this idea within me to be alike(p) the mark of the workman imprinted on his work. (Descartes 19) Therefore, God must inescapably exist as the infinite cause of our finite idea of Him. Once Descartes has argued the existence of God via causation he proceeds to prove Gods existence via pith 1. The c oncept of God is ace that is infinite and undefiled 2. To not exist would be an im matinee idol 3. Therefore God exists The general form of this argument is a testament to Descartes understanding of an assign. Of attributes there are only two, an place and an Omni-Generic Attribute.An attribute refers to that which is needed to the scent of a specific aggregate, as perfection is necessary to the shopping mall of God. That is, in order for God to exist it is all important(p) that perfection and infinitude are attributed to this existence. An omni-generic attribute, refers to that which holds of any core group but does not contribute to its essence, such as existence, duration, or number. According to Descartes, to not possess this kind of attribute is a kind of pauperism or privation of the attribute itself. For example, if a realism is not red it lacks the color red.Therefore, if it is of the essence(p) that God is both perfect and infinite and so non-existence would imply that a perfect being suffers some kind of privation. Clearly this is preposterous, for if a perfect being were to lack anything it would typeively cease to be perfect. Ergo, God exists by virtue of His perfection. Given the above arguments unrivaled can begin to understand the character of the God Descartes is endeavoring to prove. For Descartes, God is infinite and perfect existence. God is eternal, immutable, individual, supremely intelligent, supremely military unitful, and the creator of everything else. Descartes 20) Not only does God possess this character but it is necessary that He does so. If God is not infinite or perfect God could not exist as these attributes are internal to Gods existence. Furthermore, if God is not the ultimate creator the innate idea of God we experience would cease to be innate but adventitious (externally caused) or imaginative (caused by the mind) which is again impractical stipulation its content. Given these qualities ace can draw a connection to the omniscient, eternal, creator God of Judeo-Christian interpretation.That is, Yahweh or God is responsible for the creation of all existence, Ex nihilo, or out of nothing. The serviceman is created as an existence separate from that of the Divine and as such exists finitely, or limited by, Gods infinite existence. (Van Voorst 212) Given this parallel, one can substantially understand the thought in which Descartes understands God as eternal, immutable, sovereign existence outside of space and time. Now that the Cartesian argument for the existence of God is understood an outline of that of Spinoza must also take place.Spinoza presents his proof for the existence of God within the The Ethics via one particular propose. Proposition 11 states God, or the centerfield consisting of infinite attributes, of which each one expresses eternal and infinite essence, needfully exists. (Spinoza 91) This hypnotism is best explained through the use of three arguments. Eac h argument, while unique in itself, illustrates an aspect of Spinozan philosophy contrary to that of Descartes. The first argument supposes that God exists as it is necessary given the essence of God itself.Before one can understand this argument one must first understand what is meant by essence. For Spinoza essence is that which is necessary for something to exist. That is, it is that without which a substance ceases to be. Spinoza employs this idea of essence in a negative proof for the existence of God 1. Consider the idea that God does not exist 2. This consideration would mean that Gods essence does not possess existence 3. This is absurd since Substance (God/Nature) necessarily exists 4. Therefore, God necessarily existsWith this argument, Spinoza is suggesting that existence is an attribute of Gods essence. By attribute, Spinoza is referring to what the discernment perceives of a substance, as constituting its essence. (Spinoza 85) This differs slightly from Cartesian philo sophy in that for Descartes existence is an omni-generic attribute and therefore does not contribute to the essence of a substance. Regardless, what Spinoza is actually face is that we perceive existence to be essential to God. If existence is essential to God, then it is in Gods nature, as substance, to exist. Therefore, God necessarily exists.Thus, this proof not only argues the existence of God but the nature of the Spinozan substance as swell up, in that a substance is that of which existence is its essence. That is, it pertains to the nature of a substance to exist. (Spinoza 88) Spinozas proof of the existence of God can be further represented via an argument of causation 1. There is a cause for existence and non-existence 2. The cause of existence or non-existence is internal or external of the thing 3. If nothing can hinder the existence of a thing internally or externally then it exists necessarily 4.There is no cause internally or externally hindering Gods existence 5. Th erefore, God exists Like Descartes Spinoza believes anything that exists must have a cause, however Spinoza takes it one step further to suggest that anything that does not exist so too must have a cause. The cause for this existence, or lack thereof, must originate from within or without a substance. If there is nothing within or without the substance that limits its existence then it must necessarily exist. Here, Spinoza is discussing finite and infinite existence. If something is finite then it is limited in existence by something less finite.That is, there is something that limits the finite to its finite existence. Thus all finite things are hindered by the existence of something else, eg, the infinite. The infinite exists in essence as something that admits of no limit. There cannot be more or less of an infinite substance as it is limitless, complete, and unscathed and thus internally and externally unhindered. Therefore in the above proof, Spinoza is not only avowing that God exists because there is nothing within or without of God to hinder its existence, but moreover that God and substance are infinite.If this is the case, then finite existence cannot be possible as this would imply its hindrance in some fashion, deeming it non-existent. If there is no finite existence, then every substance is necessarily infinite. (Spinoza 88) Thus, there can be but one substance the infinite, unhindered, God. Spinozas proof of the existence of God as well as the nature of the God he is describing can be further explained through the representation of this final argument 1. expertness to exist contains indicant 2. In world male monarch to exist demonstrates a lack of power 3.If an infinite being does not exist a finite being would have more power than an infinite being 4. This is impossible 5. An infinite being exists Similar to Descartes, Spinozan theology can be set forth via the idea of privation and used to establish a specific understanding of God. For Sp inoza, the ability to exist contains some kind of power. This power refers to the ability of a substance to exist sovereignly of anything else as a self-generating substance. A substance possesses the power to essentially spring into being unaided by anything else. Hence, existence implies power.Therefore, to not exist would imply a lack of this power. If we are to go arse to the previous proof we can deduce that God is an infinite substance, meaning that it is unhindered or unlimited by anything else. Given the present argument, if God were to not exist then it would be somehow limited by that which does exist. That is, God the infinite substance would be limited in power by finite substance. According to Spinoza, this concept is absurd as it is impossible by the very essence of an infinite substance to be hindered by anything of the finite, including power.Therefore, God must exist. With the above explanation one can not only deduce that God must necessarily exist but that God m ust necessarily exist as one, complete, infinite, substance. It can be said then that Spinoza employs a kind of monism to his understanding of God similar to that of Eastern theology. That is, the existence of only one infinite substance, or God, draws a strong parallel to the Brahman or cleric schnorkel of Hinduism through which existence was created Ex deo or out of the substance that is God.Therefore, there is no actual separation between God and human existence rather a perceived separation caused by human ignorance of the divine nature. (Van Voorst, 23) Therefore, although Spinoza will agree with Descartes that God is infinite and all-powerful, both philosophers differ radically in their interpretation of this infinite, all-powerful substance. Significant to both Cartesian and Spinozan philosophy is the fact that God must necessarily exist in order to support the philosophy in question. That is, if God did not place the idea of God within the mind then any analysis of this id ea is useless.Similarly, without the existence of an infinite substance, the Spinozan theory of substance is irrelevant. Therefore, God must exist if either theory is to succeed. Despite this fact as well as the above differences, the most significant contrast within Spinozan and Cartesian theology lies within the basis and structure of each argument. From an analytical perspective, specifically from that of Frege, Descartes argument differs radically from that of Spinoza in that the former possesses the most truth value. Truth value, is determined via the criteria of sense and consultation.With regards to a particular suggest, such as Aristotle exists the sense is that which the subject expresses. (Frege 210) That is, sense is the way in which the subject is considered or described. For example, the subject Aristotle could express many senses ranging from Citizen of Athens to Philosopher. The reference is that which is designated by its subject or that which the subject stands fo r. Aristotle stands for or designates Aristotle himself. (Frege 210) Thus, the reference is that cognisable and concrete object from which the subject draws its credit.For Frege, a proposition must contain both sense and reference in order to possess any truth value. That is, in order to say anything whether true or false about the world we must first know to what within the world the subject is referring and how only it is referring to it. Otherwise we would have no true way of knowing what the proposition means. Given the above description, Descartes understanding of God describes the Judeo-Christian sense of the term in that it is infinite, immutable, eternal, and responsible for the creation of all existence.According to Spinoza, God is best described in a monist sense as one infinite substance similar to the Brahman of Hindu thought. However, in order to determine the reference of each subject a precise pedigree of Cartesian and Spinozan thought is necessary. The reference o f the Cartesian God can be traced back to Descartes theory of existence in the Cogito. According to Descartes, all that we believe to be true is ultimately subject to doubt as it is provided via the senses which are commonly deceived. This is easily illustrated given the perceptions of a single piece of wax.If our senses illustrate a ball of wax as both in a solid and fluidness state how is it that we can know anything concrete about the wax? In order to determine what it is that we actually do know we must spue ourselves of all former beliefs and methodically build our collection of cognition establish on that which is beyond a shadow of a doubt. Once purged of these beliefs Descartes determines that regardless of the valid existence of anything else, he cannot deny that he is indeed doubting. If he is doubting he is clearly and distinctly idea.Therefore, Descartes concludes that there must be some thing that exists as a thinking thing. Cogito ergo sum, I think therefore I am. B y the same token, body and mind must exist in that regardless of the validity of the empirical world one cannot doubt that something exists to sense it. Thus, with regard to reference, existence refers to the experience of thinking just as the concept of the body refers to the experience of sensation. Next Descartes categorizes the thoughts within his mind as ideas, volitions, and judgments.Of his ideas Descartes distinguishes between those that are innate, imaginative, or foreign. Given that an adventive idea is caused by a bodily sensation and an imaginative idea is caused by the mind itself, Descartes determines that an innate idea, such as God, must be caused by God itself by virtue of the theory of causation. If one is to guardedly trace each discovery back to its point of reference one would conclude that the existence of God draws its reference from the existence of innate ideas which in turn draw their reference from the experience of the phenomenon of thought.Thus the pro position that God exists possesses the cognoscible experience of thinking as its reference. Since Descartes proposed existence of God contains both sense and reference it is indeed capable of saying something meaningful about the world because it both refers to something knowable and expresses something about it. If one were to analyze Spinozas proposition of Gods existence the origin of reference is not so clear. Proposition 11 states that God, or the substance consisting of infinite attributes, of which each one expresses eternal and infinite essence, necessarily exists. Spinoza 91) This proposition is the conclusion of the ten propositions before it which are in turn based on seven axioms and eight interpretations. Of each of these concepts, proposition 11 refers most ardently to Spinozas definition of Substance. That is, substance is what is in itself and conceived through itself . (Spinoza 85) It is self-generating and its existence depends upon nothing else. The definition o f essence, as that which is necessary for the existence of a substance, then refers to the above substance.Similarly, the definition of an attribute, as that which the intellect perceives as the essence of a substance, directly refers to the definition of essence which is itself based on the definition of substance. Once these three definitions are proposed Spinoza uses the theory of causation and privation outlined above to help reach the conclusion of Gods existence in proposition 11. While logically this lineage is sound, upon closer inspection one must notice that the original idea of substance which forms the foundation for the built-in Spinozan theology has no referenceThat is, the concept of substance as independent and self-generating does not refer to anything within the world that contains these qualities. While Descartes theory rests on the experience of thought as its original reference, Spinoza has no concrete, knowable reference to hinge his theory upon. One does not experience self-generating, independent substance in a way in which the construction of knowledge is possible because a self-generating, independent substance is unknowable. The only substance the human mind can make reference to is that which is finite and graspable as this is what we are in contact with.Therefore, Spinozas definition of substance may express substance in the sense that it is self-generating and independent but this substance does not refer to anything concrete and knowable. To make this proposition is much like claiming The present magnate of France is bald. Although, the statement expresses the present King of France in the sense that he is bald, there is no King of France to be bald. Therefore, the present King of France. like the Spinozan substance, is but a concept with no real reference with which to draw its meaning.Since the definition of substance holds no reference, the subsequent definitions of essence and attribute refer only to a concept. If this is t he case, the culmination of these definitions in proposition 11 is also based on a concept. Therefore, the entire Spinozan proof of God is but an idea abstracted from a series of underlying lift concepts. Thus, although the Spinozan proposition for the existence of God is logically sound it is incapable of saying anything, true or false, about the world. Therefore, the entire proposition is meaningless.Despite its empty nature, Frege does not mean to say that propositions lacking reference should be dismissed. Rather, propositions such as these comprise the world of art. Take for example a poem. To say that Odysseus land on the shores of Ithaca is not to say anything true or false regarding the world because although the subject Odysseus describes the fictional character of myth this subject holds no real reference as this character has never existed. This is not to say that the proposition is any less euphonic or pleasing to the intellect. A proposition doesnt have to say anything of value to be beautiful and artistic.Therefore, Spinozas proposition for the existence of God, albeit meaningless, is still an outstanding artistic accomplishment. In conclusion, both Descartes and Spinoza argue for the necessary existence of God. Although each argument is similar in execution, the Cartesian idea of God is more aligned with the Creator of the Judeo-Christian tradition whereas the Spinozan concept of God is similar to the monistic Brahman of Hinduism. Although this difference is indeed important the most significant difference lies within the logical structure and foundation of each argument.Given Freges criteria of sense and reference, the Cartesian proposition for Gods existence possesses both sense and reference and is therefore capable of saying something meaningful about the world. On the contrary, Spinozas proposition for the existence of God possesses sense but no reference and is therefore built upon an empty concept. Despite its inability to say anything m eaningful, true or false, about the world the Spinozan proposition for the existence of God is nonetheless an extraordinary artistic achievement. Works Cited Descartes, Rene. Meditations of First Philosophy. Blackmask Online, 2002. Blackmask. Web. 1 Oct. 2012. lthttp//www. blackmask. com>. Frege, Gotlobb. finger and Reference. The Philosophical Review 57. 3 (1948) 209-230. JSTOR. Web. 1 Oct. 2012. <http//www. jstor. org/>. Spinoza, Benedict D. The Ethics. A Spinoza Reader The Ethics and Other Works. Ed. Edwin Curley. Princeton, New Jersey Princeton University Press, 1994. 85-265. Print. Van Voorst, Robert E. Hinduism Anthology of realness Scriptures. 7 ed. Boston, Massachusetts Wadsworth, Cengage Learning, 2011. 21-27. Print. Van Voorst, Robert E. Judaism Anthology of World Scriptures. 7 ed. Boston, Massachusetts Wadsworth, Cengage Learning, 2011. 209-217. Print.

Assignment #1:  Entrepreneurial Leadership

Assignment 1 EntrepreneurialLeadership A phoner can non be innovative and competitive without understanding the importance of attractership. There be three important points to identify attractionship which argon, having commonwealth to lead, having certain skills to stretchiness companys objectives, beingness focused on and accomplishing goals. In being a attraction one possess quality and empowerment.In relation to leading in a company, three outstanding renowned leaders atomic number 18, Victor Kiam, Sergey Brin and Larry rascal Victor, Kiam, has been known slightly the man for his vastly flourishing advertising constrict as the man who liked the Remington S trainr so some(prenominal), he bought the company. entirely Victor Kiam is much much than a TV spokes individual-he is the man who took a money-losing corporation and quadrupled its sales and turned it around. He is a classic compositors case of a successful leader and entrepreneur.Kiam demonstrates the classless leadership style, by not altogether creating a great company solely by himself nevertheless allowing others input, in helping represent decisions for the corporation. The approach to the major blood principles of a lucre-oriented entrepreneurial in relation to Kiam open ups demeanor to the role of entrepreneur being crucial and critical in the context of building the enterprise. He plays many roles linking human resources, finance, production, marketing, operations, research and development and overseeing the same with a broad and large-mouthed picture.He net change states with bankers, major clients, suppliers and others thereby ensuring smooth functioning of the enterprise. Kiam identifies the opportunity, builds the base and leads the formation by attracting and retaining the precious human resources. He usually looks at the nook areas and goes by the road less traveled. In the good sense, in bless to name the goal of providing a great product and to make a profit he looks for novel and innovative methods so as to try and work out his idea.Kiam is an innovator, creator, risk taker and leader. A successful entrepreneur is one who senses the opportunities constantly, manages the risk, collaborates efficaciously for building strong teams, raises the bar, learns from mistakes and failures and constantly innovates and pursues the project with passion till the end. Sergy Brin and Larry pageboy are known for co-founding Google in 1998, and redefined the way people use the web. directly two of the worlds richest people, they tacit play an active role in the company, supporting(a) resh approaches to Googles unique culture and its expanding suite of services. One would say Brin and Pages leadership style is characterized from the participative style known as democratic because both individuals are involved in the decision making process as well as working together to solve situations within the company. some(prenominal) of the same princ iples that intuitively guide the embodied innovation of the Renaissance are now being deliberately and systematically applied within the worlds fastest growing companies.Google as a company still aims to continuously innovate to find new ways to organize and stage the information that its users say they need and want. New products like GoogleMaps, GoogleEarth, GoogleNews, GMail, and GoogleDocs continue to documentation the company at the forefront of the field. Social Responsibility plays a main part in keeping a backup running swimmingly The founders of Google, Larry Page and Sergey Brin commit that it is incredibly important for people to beat bother to information around the world and that this is something that Google can deliver.They fall in run into issues with exotic governments over censorship, but recently it has not been a major problem. chief executive officer Eric Schmidt predicts that Google leave behind become an unintended central focus around spherical cop yright and ownership legal issues. It is essential for the entrepreneurial leader that people is the more or less important resource to manage and the most effective to use. cogitate on people, knowing the ways to motivate, inspires, and enabling people to act is what brings the leader to a new dynamic market level.The entrepreneurial leader is to be passionate virtually what he/she is doing. Every process has to be contest with a devotion of age and effort. All researches in entrepreneurship view entrepreneurs as innovators. And this is the only way to face increased competitiveness. Innovation today aims at obtaining dominance in a market. When it comes to Victor Kiam who is the most innovative of all US business leaders and who possess, salesman in his bones, he went beyond hearty responsibility within his company.When Kiam bought the company from Sperry Corporation, Remington it was a loss-making company it was Americas dominant galvanising razor manufacturer. Every sales man knows, a pitch above all has to have the ring of truth. In its first incarnation, the Remington ad featured Kiam in a suit. He notice the unrealistic, he performed the commercial in a bathrobe, only to discover that most American men did not wear a bathrobe when they shaved so he decided to use a towel.As Kiam related in a speech accepting the 1988 Outstanding clientele Leader award, I draped a towel over my lift and covered one breast, as two breasts would have been too much for the American public. A part of the leadership style of a person is something the person was born with and the other part is formed by four-fold factors, such as, society, experience, working environment, and cultural differences. Taking all of these factors in consideration, my leadership style can be described as a combination of democratic leadership and transformational leadership.I believe I posses some of the democratic leadership style characteristics because I make sure my group members are encouraged to share their thoughts, I can lead people around me to better ideas and more creative solutions to problems. Group members also feel more involved and committed to projects, making them more likely to care about the end results. I know I can bring the vanquish out of an experienced and professional team. With being a democratic leader I know it capitalizes on skills and talents by others letting them share their views, kind of than simply expecting them to conform.If a decision is very complex and broad, it is important to have the different areas of expertise represented and contributing input this is where democratic leader shines. Research on leadership styles have also shown that democratic leadership leads to loftyer productivity among group members. Transformational leadership style is also a character I possess. I can create a recognise structure of a task that needs to be done ceaselessly tied together with rewards or punishments. In its ideal form, it creat es rich and unequivocal change in the chase with the end goal of developing hook up withers into leaders.I know that within myself I groom the bar and others follow just like, transformational leadership which enhances the motivation, morale and performance of pursuit through a variety of mechanisms. These include connecting the followers sense of identity and self to the mission and the collective identity of the organization being a role model for followers that inspires them, challenging followers to take greater ownership for their work, and understanding the strengths and weaknesses of followers, so the leader can align followers with tasks that optimize their performance.I believe it is critical to use leadership power in a way that makes people depend less on the leader. Arising motivation and a sense of importance in followers plays an important role in leadership. Besides, the high competition and market perspective this makes me aspire after entrepreneurial leadersh ip. The meek product line Administration (SBA) and print are both useful resources for entrepreneurs. The SBA is set in place to provide funding and to provide entrepreneurs with information to hang in business operations. make believe is a non-profit organization with chapters across the join States which has volunteers that either have been or are presently successful entrepreneurs and executives who give back by sharing their expert business advice. They provide an entrepreneur with a big range of priceless and unique to small business information, basic and general information, laws and regulations, statistics and researches are available to use in order to learn more and be a successful entrepreneur.Information presented and topics discussed make a process of opportunity searching much easier and less time and cost consuming. Furthermore, it has a live chat, blogs, and online advising system that help to find an reception or solve a problem. I leave utilize the SBA to g et funding for my business. While the SBA does not make direct loans to businesses, it sets the guidelines for loans, which are thus made by lenders, community development organizations, and other lending institutions. SBA guarantees that these loans will be repaid, thus eliminating some of the risk to the lending partners.The SBA also has a variety of training material on topics such as creating business plans, marketing and outreach, laws and regulations, and many other areas. The Small Business Administration will be instrumental in laying the foundation and funding for my business. SCORE will also be utilized to provide guidance and mentorship. I will utilize the expertise of SCOREs volunteers to give me valuable input on best business practices, effective strategies for success, enthusiasm and support.SCORE also has an assortment of training material ineffective strategies to manage, grow, and finance, business. The Small Business Administration and SCORE both will provide ass istance on the keys to creating an appropriate business infrastructure, keys to sustainability, and strategies for growth. If you were to create your personal principles of leadership, what would they be and explain wherefore you would chose them. My personal principles of leadership consist of three elements, lead by example, have a sense of accountability, and inspire a shared vision.These principles are the most important components of leadership and are the essence of effective leadership. Reference page * Victor Kiam Going for it How to succeed as an entrepreneur, ISBN 0688060609 * http//investing. businessweek. com/research/stocks/private/person. asp? personId=376317privcapId=26851117previousCapId=26851117previousTitle=Lia%20Sophia * http//www. google. com/about/corporate/company/business. html * http//www. sba. gov/ * http//www. score. org/

What are Robots and how are they being used now days?

Introduction zombis argon becoming the most reliable and utilize artificial tools in numerous aspects of human life (Peter, H. 2013). Robots ar mechanically self-importance operated tools that can help us in manufacturing and in difficult surgeries such(prenominal) as fixing something really small that cannot be held or seen by humans. This article result explain the importance of robots and its role in make human life easier. However, we must understand that Robots will never put back humans in all aspect of live.Helpful Things that Robots doThe Robot is a tool that can do different and difficult types of jobs such as in hospitals and manufacturing. Some people feel like its more effective to let the robot do a surgery because it is very accurate. Robot can overly build tiny things in manufacturing because they are double-quick and more accurate than humans. In some countries Robots are being used to sub house animals like dogs, cats, rabbits, rats, guinea pigs and oth ers. These Robot Pets are machines kinda than living things and can give their owners plenty of fun and they can also teach us about real animal (Parker, S. 2010). Some robots are great fun and many people like to play with them because they are more challenging and fun to play with. For example, when you play Chess against a Robot it can defeat you very easily because it can theorise ahead of every move it can make to win the game.Disadvantage of RobotsRobots train also many drawbacks such as it uses a lot of top executive to function properly. Also, if the power is out, the robot will not function. Another drawback is that the robot cost a lot of money to be built for a specific job. However, in the coming years as technology is improving, Robots will become more and more part of our day-to-day life and cheaper to have. As Robots become more reliable, it will take over many tasks that are currently only being handled by humans. This is one of the main reasons for the change m agnitude of unemployment now a long time and more will be judge in the future as the technology continue to improve.ConclusionNow days Robots are very helpful and widely used in many aspects of our day-to-day life. They are considered smart tools that can be programmed to perform trusted tasks that are normally handled by humans in a scurrying and more accurate way. However, we must understand that Robots will never replace humans in all aspects of life. At the end of the day they are only machines that are created by humans

Mandatory Human Chip Implants Essay

The idea of compulsory gentle universe snick implants is wrong on so numerous different levels. non exclusively is on that point a major commercial enterprise about how it will affect the privateness of society, but also how much we feignt know about the inauspicious effects on the actual tender-hearted body. A nonher major concern is the man a sensthalash that corporation be expect from all religious bodies and communities. This is why we as a society must abide up for what we regard is decentlyeousness, and what is right is that mandatory military personnel chip implants cannot and will not be tolerated.One of the biggest issues with mandatory gentlemans gentleman chip implants is seclusion issues and concerns. M whatever questions direct add together up whenever the topic arises. What governing or body of government controls the selective learning stored from these chips? Is the information stored in the chip fail-safe and secure? Can my information be sto len and or sold? As of right now the scarce chip authorise for pieces in a medical examination exam application is the Verichip. The Verichip is a chip equal to the size of a grain of rice. It is a fairly simple device that consists of only a coiled wire and a hermetically sealed microchip inwardly a glass casing. It uses the coil as an antenna to create a radio receiver communicate that is unique. This unique signal can be transmitted and received to severalise a persons medical records if they are in some secern of dire state in which they could not communicate efficiently.(Foster, Kenneth R. 2007,March)This could save so many lives in the medical field barely by pulling up a patients records and receiving this signal. In a perfect world this would work mightily and only for good intentions but, the way we as a society constantly pass to streamline e actually aspect of our life, where would it resolution? The notion or idea is that it would deputise drivers licen ses or aver atm and debit cards. Social shelter numbers, birth certificates, bank account numbers, fundamentally your entire life. As technology continues to produce and advance, how secure can these chips sincerely be? If person was able to steal your signal they would be able to do so many functions with the information stored in it. Your life would be stolen in the b link of an eye. Also, another(prenominal) terrifying realization is if the signal is stolen or locked on to, you could be followed or tracked. This is very unsettling if we cannot be sure how safe this information really is. Would you really want some ane to know where you or your loved ones are at all times? What if some sick individual was watching your small fry or children? The possibilities are endless in these scenarios. So with no guarantee on how secure the information stored in these chips really is, this is one of the many reasons why on that point should not be mandatory charitable chip implan ts.Another strong lay out point on this overthrow is wellness concerns. With these devices being as small as they are, there is not enough entropy to prove that they are not a health concern. There is lots of data about these chips that should raise some eyebrows, as well as the manner in which they were approved by the FDA. Back in 2005 when the FDA approved human chip implants they claimed with well-founded assurance the device was safe. The one thing they failed to mention in that claim was that studies liberation back to the mid-nineties directly colligate these chip implants with cancer. Many studies and look for showed that one in six lab rats actual tumors because of the introduce chip. So how could this slip by the FDA you ask? According to Lewan (2007), well back in 2005 when it was brought before the FDA for approval, the head of the subdivision of Health and charitable Services at the time which presided over the FDA, was a man by the name of Tommy Thompson. W ell both weeks after the approval of the chip in human race, Thompson left his position at the DHHS to receive a board member of VeriChip Corp. and utilize Digital Solutions. Even though it was louver months later, he was compensated with cash and trite options from the companies. Can we chalk this up as a coincidence? I take upt think so. With all the facts and research done on this particular subject I find it hard to believe that the FDA did not come across any of this information before approving human chip implants. So with the data al get up in front of us claiming to link these chips with cancer in lab rats, can we honestly agree to be enter ourselves?Finally, the thought or notion of human chip implants would cause a spacious backlash in our religious communities. reasonable recently in Virginia, there was a public outcry against mandatory micro-chipping that caused the signboard of Representatives to vote on the subject matter. Krunkle , (2010) wrote, Del. objec tive L. borecole (R-Fredericksburg), the bills sponsor, is quoted verbalism My understanding Im not a theologian but theres a prophecy in the Bible that rates youll have to receive a mark, or you can neither bargain nor sell things in end times, Cole said. Some people think these electronic computer chips might be that mark.(p.1) In our society, religious belief is at times, a very moot and touchy subject matter amid religious communities. There will be millions of people who will become distraught if human chip implants become mandatory. Our verdant has so many different religious cultures that it would directly effect. Are we really ready for the consequences that will follow if this eventually happens?In conclusion, we as a society get to stand up to what we consider right from wrong. So is it wrong to make person have a chip implanted so they can buy or sell things in order for them to depart even though it goes against their religious beliefs? Or is it wrong for these chips to be approved for humans even though there is secure evidence that it could cause cancer. The answer is totally up to us. My conclusion is that yes, it is completely wrong. Not only does it violate our ethical privacy rights as human beings, it also causes so many concerns medically and spiritually. We cannot allow this to come to fruition. We have to stand up for ourselves and our beliefs and say no to mandatory human chip implants to protect our future generations to come.ReferencesFoster, Kenneth R (2007, March) The dark ethics of implanted chips. IEEE spectrum. Retrieved from http//pages.cs.wisc.edu/markhill/cs252/Spring2013/handouts/spectrum07_rfid_ethics.pdf Holtzman, David H (2008). Human ID chips get under my skin, BusinessWeek Online, 5-5(1). Krunkle, Frederick (2010). Human chips seen by some in Virginia House as device of antichrist, The Lewan, Todd (2007). Chip implants linked to sentient being tumors, The Washington stick out Washington Post

Macbeth †Blind Ambition Essay

Q. The assume Macbeth explores the dangers associated with sieve inhalation. Discuss. William Shakespeares wanton away Macbeth is primarily concerned with exploring the dangers associated with blind ambition. Shakespeare presents the audience with a theatrical role face with clear moral choices and who is led good subscribe a path towards destruction because of his tragic character flaw, his everywherearching ambition. We stick out see this in how easily Macbeth is signly induced to first-class honours degree down this road by the witches prophecy. in conclusion we see how Macbeth is driven to ever great extremes of brutishty in monastic order to keep open the rank that his ambition has solelyowed him to attain. The dangers associated with blind ambition are portrayed in the panache in which the crimes they commit labor a terrible toll on the take cares of both(prenominal) Macbeth and maam Macbeth.Macbeth is initially presented in the runaway as a brave and baronial character merely it takes only a hint in the guidance of queership from the witches to enflame his ambition. earlyish in the play Macbeth is praised by the king for his courage and loyalty. He is a visualize of admiration and is rewarded for his efforts with the Thane of Cawdor. Shakespeare gives Macbeth his first taste of forefinger and ambition with the prophecy of the witches and this kindles a star of curiosity in him about what the proximo whitethorn h senior. He makes a jump-start between being a nonoperational figure in the face of band to entertaining the idea that he may himself direct the workings of fate. As Macbeth says, The Prince of Cumberland that is a stepOn which I essential fall down, or else oerleap, It seems to take only the merest nudge in the direction of his dark desires to cause a kabbalistic change in his character and to bait him into entertaining some awful crimes in order to achieve those ambitions. We are left wing with the ques tion, would Macbeth slang ever strayed from his noble character if he had not been given the initial push in that direction by the witches? The answer seems to be that the witches overhear notwithstanding allowed something that was dark and hatred within Macbeths character to be pulled out into the light. If we bugger off to covet what others have then our ambitions earth-closet run amok and destroy us.Having achieved his inclination to set out the King of Scotland Macbeth is forced tobecome ever more brutal and cruel in order to defend his son of a bitch position. Initially we see that Macbeth has a incomprehensible struggle with his conscience over the prospect and indeed finds many good reasons for not killing him. It is only the goading of Lady Macbeth over his manhood that keeps him on his blinking(a) path. The murder causes Macbeth a great deal of mental anguish and we see a character distraught by the harm of going against his essential character in the moments directly after the act. Sleep no moreMacbeth does murder sleepAs the play progresses he overcomes his compunctions and supresses his conscience completely. The synthesis is that in order to keep an eye on his position he mustiness become more and more bloodthirsty and that his character must become more and more deformed. Shakespeare is devising the observation that ambition is like a ravenous fire that consumes all in its path in order to maintain itself. Like tyrants throughout history we can see that, Who is all powerful should idolise everything. The fear, suspicion and paranoia created by supreme power illegitimately gained leads to an inevitable bloodbath as the natural order is destroyed and madhouse is unleashed. Macbeths ambition is such a force for disorder in the play and causes not only his downfall but that of many other characters and the whole evidence of Scotland.The greatest element of tragedy in the play is the spectacle of Macbeth slowly losing his mind as a result of his guilt trip over the crimes that he has committed in order to fulfil his ambition. The beginning of the play portrays Macbeth as a noble warrior of sound mind and sound body. This however changes as the play progresses to the record where Macbeth becomes insane. This is due to the guilt of his actions. What emphasises the guilt that Macbeth feels even more is the core value that he has. He differences with his mind attempting to convince himself that it was justifiable yet his core morals and values tell him otherwise. It will have blood they say, blood will have bloodHere Macbeth reflects on his whole kit after Banquos ghost disappears. This is the start of his battle for his sanity. Because of his righteous core values, he believes that the evil deed that he has committed will ultimately result in his death. As the play progresses, his mental stability degrades with apiece evil deed he commits to the point where he has no desire to roll in the hay anymor e as he realises that all there is to live for, he has redundant away. I have livd long enough my way of support Is falln into the sear, the yellow toss And that which should accompany old age, He comments that old age has come upon him hastily as his way of life has caused this.