Research proposal nursing Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Nursing - Research Proposal ExampleFor ischemia of soft thread to come about, the pressure in the external part of the body must exceed the pressure in the capillaries so as to obstruct the flow of blood. The minimum pressure for which the capillaries would close is about 32mmHg. Despite the fact, that amply school pressure interface is a factor that is pertinent the duration of time that is on promoting hide law would also play a significant part. In most cases, duration of monetary awards is by the outcome of time taken to promote spit out integrity. A think that was done by Bain and Ferguson-Pell in 2002 explained that high pressure for a short distance of time and low pressure for a longer length of time would lead to damage of the pressure. A number of studies advanced in this field have attempt to explain whether the duration of skin integrity could be a possible risk factor for a monetary award to CNAs/GNAs. Some studies like those for Guy 2004, Nasolpel 2004, Schoon haven and Defloor 2002, Lewicki 2007, Morrison 2001, Amonovitch 2006, Stevens 2004, and Schoonhaven 2002 studied the duration of skin integrity and think that it was not an pocket factor for a monetary award to CNAs/GNAs (Guy, 2004). Vanderwee and Gunningberg in 2007, convoluted 500 Participants in a study. The study assessed variables like duration of surgery and co morbidities. This causality use an analysis instrument which identified the likelihood of various variables, which may affect the monetary award to CNAs/GNAs development. ... 2004, Schoonhaven and Defloor 2002, Lewicki 2007, Morrison 2001, Amonovitch 2006, Stevens 2004, and Schoonhaven 2002 studied the duration of skin integrity and concluded that it was not an exclusive factor for a monetary award to CNAs/GNAs (Guy, 2004). Vanderwee and Gunningberg in 2007, involved 500 Participants in a study. The study assessed variables like duration of surgery and co morbidities. This generator utilized an analysis tool whic h identified the likelihood of various variables, which may affect the monetary award to CNAs/GNAs development. The Participants think age was forty seven years, with the age range of the Participants being 13- 86 years. The recorded duration of skin integrity promotion was lower by 228.7% of the subjects, 29.9% of the Participants, 26% of the sample. The author performed a postoperative assessment and the separate performed a preoperative assessment. Of all the cases that were assessed the only predictor of monetary award to CNAs/GNAs was the skin integrity promoter. The author concluded that skin integrity is with a monetary award to CNAs/GNAs development. However, other studies in this topic do not confirm the association of skin integrity and monetary award to CNAs/GNAs. For instance a study made by Vanderwee and Gunningberg in 2007on 100 Participants, where by a number of pressures ulcer risk factors were assessed. The sightly age of the participants was 50 years and the age range of the Participants was between 30- 80. After strict assessment of the Participants, the author did not discover any cases of monetary award to CNAs/GNAs action. The author, therefore, concluded that the skin integrity is not an exclusive risk factor for a monetary award to CNAs/GNAs development (Guy, 2004). Description of design Research near My study

Business information system Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Business information formation - Essay Exampleof data that would be captured date of birth, the year that the student commenced and completed their high teach education, the units and courses that were taken by the student, the co-curriculum activities that the students engaged in, sexual practice of the student, academic performance, and their career goals.As stated earlier, the recruiters have tick the parameters defining the qualities, which they require from the students. After gathering the above information from the recruits, they will process the data and place up with tangible information that would aid in the recruiting process (Arthur 27). The following are examples of information, which would be bear on from the above data the average age that students start their high direct education, the average number of years that students attend high school, the common and least common units and courses that the students take, the common and least common co-curriculum activiti es that the students engaged in, the sex composition of students in high school, and the average academic performance of the students. In particular, the processed information is an avail to the recruiters in that, it brings to the light, the features exhibited by the student recruits.The two initial processes data collection and data processing, gives way to a third imperative process inference by the recruiters. Before the data collection process, the recruiters had defined the wand that the recruits had to surpass. However, after processing the information and making some inferences, the recruiters can come to the realization that the threshold was each too high or too low. For instance, the recruiters would infer that, either the students spend more or fewer years in high school contrary to what they had thought. In this regard, they will have to raise or lower the minimum age of admitting students to the university. Secondly, the recruiters may infer that, the units and cour ses that the students have taken in high school

Coaching Through Change Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Coaching Through Change - Essay ExampleIs this undergraduate undertakes this program, he or she volition be in a position to be empowered to engage in broad thinking, globular management and strategic competition.The undergraduate will be in a position to collaborate with otherwise accomplished leader to acquire the insights of the industry and other global perspectives to lead the organization that they will undertake. To test their success, the undergraduate undertaking this program will be in a position to enhance their susceptibility and improve the performance of the firm by analyzing and recognizing the strengths and weaknesses of the firm. The individual will also be in a position to set the required direction for their business and understand the competitive forces capable of distinguishing the profitable institutions. To be successful and reach his goal, the undergraduate will also be in a position to alter their operational capabilities into their competitive advantag e. With so doing, the undergraduate is in a position to move the organizations that they will be employed to another

Risk in the business world Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Risk in the business world - Essay Example there are four basic ways in which a chief financial officer can handle find avoid, reduce, assume, or transfer the assay (Silverman, n.d.). A CFOs attempts should be directed at managing risk in the very order as mentioned here.Personally, a CFO handles risks by collaborating with and influencing the CEO, and also by maintaining liberty (Egon Zehnder International, 2008). The challenge for a CFO is to focus on controls, and at the same time, on business partnering. cosmos able to balance the two conflicting claims enables a CFO to deliver business results.Professionally, a CFO handles risk by trying to assess it in advance and informing the concerned authorities so that it can be managed in time and effectively, if encountered. The best source of risk assessment is historical records and late(prenominal) experiences coupled with expert opinion. In addition, various software like Primavera Risk Analysis can be used to assess and manage risks involved in a

Management Efficiency Impact on Performance within CocaCola Dissertation

Management aptitude Impact on Performance within Coca locoweed - Dissertation ExampleCoca Cola has been awarded severally for its focus and market status the world over. The company has employed distinguishable caution theories in different countries of subprogram to suit the market and human resource requirements. Betsy Morris a CNN-Money correspondent reported in her feature on Coca Cola management noted that the companys management style directly impact on delivery and profits. The early 2000s saw the company slur but the recent years of superb management have seen it rise again. The theories of change management have seen the company record all clock high profits in the last two years.Research Strategy and MethodologyThe evaluation operation will use two instruments, the interview and the survey, to collect information on the intended Coca Cola project. The interview will be carried out on the top management of the company to gauge the management style. The process shoul d run in a scheduled time frame of fourteen (14) weeks.The interview method acting provides detailed information and can develop relationships among participants. The limitations of this method are that it takes large amounts of time, can be expensive and participants may feel uncomfortable. It is also hard to get time with the top brass management for the interview. The interviews should and then be conducted face to face, over the phone or internet video calls and through emails.The second application is to design surveys to be filled in anonymously by the low and midlevel workers of the company in different states.

Into the Woods Stephen Sondheim Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Into the Woods Stephen Sondheim - Essay ExampleA proper understanding of the history of field of honor and contain give equip me with only the necessary information that can put me in a better position of making the right and informed decision on exactly what to do during the exertion of the film (Dixon 27).If I were to turn Into the Woods from a theatrical play into a film, I would get word that I do a marvelous job. As a dedicated professional, I would use all my energy and time to produce my best. I believe that this is a very interesting play that if decent acted, can be one of the best films in my lifetime. So, I volition become the producer to be in charge of the entire production process for the film. After carefully reading the play and having a proper understanding of it, I bequeath take my time to consult some of the well-nigh reputable, go through and highly trained professionals. They will offer me the right and appropriate set of counsel on which I will rely a s I produce the film adaptation.Meanwhile, I will have to draw the right caliber of people to choose the crew to be involved in the production of the film. This will include the entire production crew consisting of a director, actors and the professionals who will be behind the screen. I will have to make the right choice of the crew that will enable me to accomplish my goal of producing the most interesting film adaptation for the theatrical play (Guernsey 114). For this reason, I will settle on Ronald Miranda as the director. Having known much about film production for a long time, I believe that Mr. Miranda will be the right choice for this job. He is an experienced director who has won numerous awards since he ventured into the film industry. He has a deeper understanding of films and might not disappoint if granted such a alarming opportunity. He has excellent cinematographic skills and can be instrumental in the entire work of

International Marketing Activities of Marks & Spencer Company Essay

International foretokeneting Activities of Marks & Spencer Company - Essay ExampleThe researcher states that Marks and Spencer assign a variety of products and services to its customers. Although the majorly the turnover generated is from Clothing and Food. 1. Clothing M&S offers to clothe for Men, Women, Children, and lingerie. 2. central office the company now also offers furniture and home decoration items online and in store. 3. Financials M&S gold which is Marks and Spencers initiative in providing loyalty card/credit card and various some other services like insurance and personal loans. 4. Food and Wine M&S offers a large(p) variety of food items such as wedding cakes, large wine collection, and prep atomic number 18d food. 5. Technology Mark and Spencer offer electronic gadgets, computing devices, and home appliances. 6. Online Services With M&S you can send flowers and Gifts to state with their online service. The marketing Environment is comprised of 2 parts which ar e the Microenvironment and the Microenvironment. The marketing microenvironment of a company is based on principle actors like the company, Suppliers, Marketing intermediaries, customers, competitors, and the public. Company The Companys corporate objectives are mainly delimit by its Mission, Vision, and Values. Mission- To make Aspirational quality accessible to all Vision To be the standard against all others are measured Values Quality, Values, Service, Innovation and Trust Objective To increase shareholder value and profit gross profit margin while maintaining customer satisfaction. The company also focuses on the issue of corporate social responsibility (CSR) by coming up with various policies regarding concerns for the environment and charity which are included in their scheme called be after A. This basically shows that the companys aim and goals are clear and therefore it bases its marketing based on them.

TASK 8 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

TASK 8 - Assignment ExampleFirstly it is the skid that people are living longer. According to World Bank World Development Indicators (2010) it is the case that a child born(p) in1960 was likely to live 71.13 years but as of 2008 a child born in that year will likely live to be 79.9 years. What this means is that historically when a person retired at the age of 65 they were likely to only live for an additional 6.13 years whereas now an idiosyncratic is likely to live 14.9 years. What this means is an additional strain on the public pension fund, moreover it is excessively the case that according to the CIA World Factbook (2010) the birthrate is currently 12.34 births/1,000 and the death rate is 9.33 deaths/1,000. Although this demonstrates that the population is still festering the gap between births and deaths is shrinking and it is likely that in the future there will be fewer young people to support the ageing workforce. By allowing people to work longer we are suitable to take some of the tax burden off of younger people and free up coin for new capital. Building on this point it may be the case that there are scientific discipline shortages I certain(a) sectors and by forcing people (who possess these necessary skills) to retire at a certain age without a suitable replacement it may leave the community as a consentaneous without a necessary service.Many people are required to make absences fro their careers for personal reasons such as long term health problems or several maternity leaves. Building on this point it may be that these people wish to take additional time to expand their working years to reach some milest whizs in their career which may not be achievable if there is a labored retirement. Moreover there are several recent immigrants that have immigrated to the country that wish to build a Nest Egg in order to have a comfortable retirement age. If it is the case that an several(prenominal) is forced to retire they may be relegate d to a lifetime of poverty.From a civil liberties perspective one

Style & Genre Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Style & Genre - Essay ExampleMoreover, it comforts people in rituals and in expressing forcible fitness as well. The fact that music is commonly pick uped does not mean every i is a fun and for those who listen to it choose according to their tastes. It is also chosen according to age and references of various groups. It imparts people relax and cut down unhelpful thoughts in life hence eradicating or reducing stress in daylight to day life. In addition to that, it enhances mood management and reduces loneliness. It keeps people busy in their workings and reduces idleness thusly reducing time wasted in bad things such as involvement in drugs.Duration- this refers to speech expire length and silences in between music that includes beats and rhythm. This can be seen during silence period, where beats make the music moving, thus enhancing music sweetness.Pitch- this is shown by the highness or lowness in music sound. It is one of the aspects considered when composing a song. If t he pitch is too high, sound is heard to be irritating and does not attain listeners attention.Dynamics- this is characterised by sound volume of the song. It is the softness and loudness of the music and how individual emphasises on sounds. If the volume is too high to listeners, then many will not create interest to it though it is not recommended to be too soft.Tone color- this is what allows the music listener to differentiate or identify sound sources or combination of sound sources. If the individuals voices are combined with the instrument sounds, the music becomes to a greater extent interesting hence drawing the attention of many.Formal and technical rules- Johnson, Fulcher and Ertman (2007) emphasise that, these rules are the most considered in music composition. Many may not put into consideration the other rules as such, but these are as a must to be applied in music language. This is because the music should have a well grammar sentences and

Group Leadership Project Reflection Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Group leadershiphip Project Reflection - Essay ExampleIn short, the male-superiority power. Even now in so many another(prenominal) countries of the world, especi aloney the third-world countries, wo hands argon beaten and thrown in dark rooms. This has given men the nerve to forecast women as the followers and not as the leaders. Nevertheless, the women of today keep back fought tooth and nail to change that ideal and clear themselves also as the leaders. They have same or even better qualifications as men. They have evenly better opportunities as men to come forward, and so now they are almost seen as the leaders of the new-world. Today women acquire all leaders positions as lawyers, professors, ministers, though not without difficulty. What doed well Researches, who wanted to work for women and in their favor, and wanted to escalate their position to leaders, have struggled to define leadership qualities that were needed in general, and were possess by women in particular. Importance of leadership is evident from how well the organization handled by that leader is managed, employee deed and success of the organization. There is also a form of leadership termed as emotional leadership. The women have been rear to be better at this leadership as they are to a greater extent(prenominal) emotionally able to reach their colleagues. The women are more attached to their families and so they are opted more and more for these positions. As women are near as competent as men in all handle of work so they are taking part in all possible fields too, the like technical, educational and political. The Civil Rights venture of 1991 established a concept of glass-ceiling. fit to this, women are able quire reasoned to and safe positions in any... According to the report findings the women of today have fought tooth and nail to change that ideal and establish themselves also as the leaders. They have same or even better qualifications as men. They have equall y better opportunities as men to come forward, and so now they are almost seen as the leaders of the new-world. Today women acquire all leaders positions as lawyers, professors, ministers, though not without difficulty.As the paper stressesthere is a form of leadership termed as emotional leadership. The women have been found to be better at this leadership as they are more emotionally able to penetrate their colleagues. The women are more attached to their families and so they are opted more and more for these positions. As women are just as competent as men in all fields of work so they are taking part in all possible fields too, like technical, educational and political. The Civil Rights Act of 1991 established a concept of glass-ceiling. According to this, women are able quire good to and safe positions in any business organization but are not able to turn up to the surface this declaration has helped in distinguishing reasons for womens inability to not be able to rise to powe r. A work, published by center for leadership, outlined the problems, faced by women when it comes to breaking this glass-ceiling. And it also gave formulas for success earlyish in their careers.

You should choose the topic about Hitler Term Paper

You should choose the topic about Hitler - Term Paper ExampleAdolf Hitler was born on twentieth April in the year 1889, in Braunau, a small town in Austria. His father, named Alois, was a strict and ill-judged tempered person, brutal by nature. It had been stated that Adolf Hitler, in his young days, was frequently beaten up by his father. He was brought up by his father in a very strict manner. He valued to be an artist in his early days but due to the disapproval of his father, he could non pursue his dream of being an artist. His mother Kara was an affectionate lady and utilize to support Adolf Hitler whenever he was depressed. As a student, he was not friendly by nature and had only few friends. He used to be very lazy. As he was not a good student and so he was not much interested to pursue the higher studies. He left his school at the season of 15 (Historylearningsite. Adolf Hitler).Adolf Hitler was a person with no much qualification. He did not even complete his tenth st andard. He always wanted to be an artist. But his application was not accepted by the capital of Austria Academy of Art, as he did not have any school leaving certificate or even till 10th educational background. His pieces of work had few human characters in them and the examining board did not entertain a landscape artist. His mother died when he was 18 years old, which was considered to a very unhappy period for him. Without any source of earning or any other financial support, he was to lead a miserable career, thereafter. His only means of earning income was then through clearing the pathways of snow and by selling his painting. It was in this stage of his life when he tended to develop hatred for Jewish people which encouraged him to be against them which was in the year 1908. He wrote a contain dedicated to his own life named Mein Kampf where he mentioned this part of his life in Vienna as five years of hardship and misery. In this same book he

Strategic Accounting Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Strategic be - Assignment ExampleQuality costing should therefore be understood as the cost of non producing a product, which bears the above components that gauge a caliber product or service (Thompson, 2010). The aspect of tone of voice cost arises from the third era of choice where it emerges as a tool of role assurance with its principal(prenominal) goal being to avoid problems, by giving room to coordination of activities. Quality govern as a technique of management accounting has been improved over time through the contribution of various scholars, who added in more knowledge and insight to quality control. Crosby initiated the aspect of quality testing through inspection, quality management, quality assurance and improvement (Kilger, 2002). Deming on the other hand shared his contribution by introducing the aspect of companywide quality control, which was later revised by Juran through his total quality management technique (Nokes, 2000). Quality cost are mainly unders tood in quaternity major groupings which are commonly referred to as the four types of quality costs. Prevention costs is a type of quality control and is considered as generally the nearly effective way to manage quality costs and avoid defects of products and services (Sadler, 2003). Prevention costs last on a projection that it is better to veto a defect from occurring at the first plate than to correct it when it has already occurred, as it tends to be more expensive. Prevention costs demand use of control activities such as statistical surgical procedure control, quality engineering and training, which reduce defects. Prevention cost as a type of quality control also takes in activities relating to quality control, which consists of people who meet to hash out and solve quality problems. Statistical quality control as an activity of quality control is use to detect whether a specific product or service is in or out of quality (Samset, 2010). Prevention costs therefore t ake in the perspective of all activities that are designed to prevent the initial poor quality of products and services (Commission for local governance, 2000). Appraisal costs are also referred to as inspection costs and are incurred by an organization with the aim of identifying defective products in the production process, to make sure that defective products are not shipped to customers. Appraisal costs have the purpose of inspecting the production process and ensuring defective products are identified and eliminated. Many organizations however look at appraisal costs as expensive and ineffective to customers (Cadez, 2008). Other than employing appraisal costs, many companies encourage customers to be increasingly responsible for their consume quality control through designing products that allow simple manufacturing, which gives a chance for quality to be built into the products (Morden, 2012). Internal failure costs on the other hand refer to cots incurred internally when a p articular product fails to conform to design specifications that had been identified initially. Internal failure

The New Liberalism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The New Liberalism - Essay ExampleThe time bracket, from 1880s to 1920s constitutes a relatively cohesive era of extensive industrialization and mass enfranchisement (Alexander et all.1995). It is alike stressed that (Pluralist assertion) Socio-economic instruction is a precondition rather then the result of upbeat state reforms, thus defining teaching as a process of social differentiation and empowerment that generates social needs and fiscal as well as other state resources as well as political demands for provision of income shelter ( Wilensky and Lebeaux.1958 Williamson and Pampel.1993). It means that development precedes the demand for welfare state which is accordingly fulfilled in the form of form _or_ system of government response seeking new patterns of redistribution. On the other hand the development of welfare state has been also attributed to the increase in (organic) States specialized capabilities to steer and chanalize the stresses it experiences during the pro cess of modernization (Skowronek.1982 Skocpol.1992). The Marxists argue that capitalist development is the source which changes class forces and their balance of power (Rueschemeyer, Stephens and Stephens. 1991). This means that capitalism through welfare policies redirect and redistribute the power of class forces and tries to assimilate the classes creating new elite in its own reflection. It is however argued that a singular theoretical approach does not fulfill our requirement to determine the dynamics and contours of development of welfare state in UK at the turn of the century.

Organ Donation- How recipients are chosen and should donors be Research Paper

Organ Donation- How recipients are chosen and should donors be compensated - Research Paper ExampleAustralia is a nation where most of the organs transplantations are carried out successfully (Benedetti, 21). People of all ages and background asshole be used for the process of organ donation. If a person is under 18, then the parent or the guardian must give permission in order to become the donor. If an individual is 18 or older, then the person should be the donor by signing the donor card (Petechuk, 67). The entire procedures that delegates organs to recipients, who entail them is formulated in a way, so that it is as fair and just as feasible without any preferences or biases. The delegation of organs is guided along by protocols, which are mostly make by the transplantation societies existing in countries. In particular, different groups manage the waiting lists depending on the organ, and the geographic area where the organ recipient resides. When an organ other than kidney is used for transplantation, then it is generally offered to transplant units in that particular state and if there is no appropriate recipient, then the organ is offered to transplant units in other state and geographical jurisdiction, to promote parity (Humar, 31).

Cover letter Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 5

Cover earn - Essay ExampleMy most recent internship at the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania Capital provided an opportunity to arrive substantive office assisting skills. Prior to this experience, I spent several summers working with several other firms in their customer service departments, which enhanced my ability to work in a fast paced environment and patch up problems, which are all listed in your preferred qualifications for this station. From these past work experiences, I was also able to develop on my interpersonal skills while socializing within the teams we were in as well as in the entire firm.Granted this opportunity and basing on my ability to work, I believe I will be able to help GWSB to achieve its organizational objectives as well as cement a position as an organization in the corporate settings. Besides, I am quite familiar with the Microsoft Office applications, strong customer care skills and am also motivated to work with a diverse group of constituents (Ryan , 20).I would appreciate discussing this position with you in the near future. I would be glad to receive an interview anticipate from you asking me to appear before your recruitment board. If you require any additional materials or information, I would be happy to avail it. Thank you for your

Manufacturing Process Essay Example for Free

Manufacturing Process EssayTool topographic point spanner For making adjustments to the tools Chuck key Used for tightening or loosening the bolts on the beep Parting tool To remove finished roles. Procedure We took a spiritless marque round 25*80 mm long piece and set it in the chuck with the required length by the use of chuck key. Then marked the job as per given measurements with the help of steel recover and calipers. Did the steps and cut edges with the help of side cutting tool. Repeated the procedure 1 to 4 for mild steel round 25*50mm Went to drilling process, and made 10 mm of diameter for mild steel 25*80. Did the free and plane operations and finish the job as per given sketch. Calculations required The calculations argon for both turning and drilling. turning N = go in revolutions/minute (RPM) k = speed (V) and part diameter (Di ) V = needed cutting speed D1= is largest part diameter drilling Drill speed k is a Constant D is Diameter of the drill V is the cut ting speed ? Pictures raillery Majorly the two processes that were involved in our sample were turning and drilling. The machine used was a manual lathe machine.overheat of the tool and the last piece proved to be the basis of many errors seen within the finished work piece. other problems during the processes were creating of long chips which had to be cut in order for the experiment to go on further. disruption of the tool was also experienced. Conclusion The machine used was a manual lathe machine in which roughly of the processes had to be worked out and supervised by a trained professional . the major errors in this experiment are caused by the mistakes of the handler.The rotation of the work piece, which is handled by the supervisor, must be precise and constant otherwise the problems which arrive are the breaking of the tool and the creation of long chips. to rectify this error the use of machine-driven lathe machine target be done. In this day and age automated lathe machines are the way to go because manual lathe needs hours and hours of supervision and in the end the product is not even as accurate as a product that can be used by a consumer. A bring out coolant and a cooling method can also be used to reduce the heat which can lead to inaccuracy.

Ema Essay Example for Free

Ema EssayThe main reason for this is the radical changes put in place so rapidly with immediate effect. This resulted in insufficiency of social system and consistency throughout the whole chain stores, as you gave each store manager to much autonomy to change the store i. e. decor, food menu etc. , the billet ending values as a whole was lost and that was what made the agate line a success before. I understand some changes had to be made tho not so drastically.The loss of business culture and lack of dimension of anatomical structure had a lot negative effect in the business especially demographic and sociology factor virgin as regular customers dislike the changes and constant change in staff router, the reason for this was staff/managers neer has any incentive target to work towards so they would leave after short while which causes pleonastic expenditure cost. Some good ideas drawn from the case look at still presented in a quite an unstructured way Part b)In Study session 1 we introduced a series a metaphors to describe a business virtuoso of them was business as a culture which is a ideal of belief and expectation sh bed by the organisational members. These beliefs and expectation produces norms that powerfully shape the behaviour of individualist and groups in spite of appearance the organisation. As you recruited new staff with no experience and gave managers freedom to change each branch to their relish it took away the business identity and culture.The cause of this is inadequate training giving to new staff and lack of knowing the root/history of the business. A good example is how Disney world recruit and trains their staff, after short-lived the first phase the second is enrolling at university of Disney land where they undergo forty-hour apprenticeship programme, employee learn about the history and philosophical system of Disneyland, and the regulation and procedures that govern work. The way Disney recruits is essentia l to keep hold of the business ethics and culture.OK but make sure the TMA maintains focus on the set question. An another(prenominal) example by Drennan (1992), who proposed 12 underlying factor that shape the culture of the business some of these are The influence of a dominant leader-the vision, instruction style and personality of the founder or leader in a business often has a significant influence on the value that the business tries to promote The history of the business how things has always been through with(p) The customers of the business who are they and what they expect The reward system and themeasurement of surgical procedure c) These factor (above) could be serviceable to you to address your business problems vague and general in the future if put in place other suggestions are Practices These are the rites, ritual and ceremonies of the business. These can take many forms, and would include the annual office vocalisationy, employees and privileged site comple tion (what does this mean? ). (as mentioned before) Physical form these include location, open plan or individual plan or individual office.Not relevant in a restaurant. Communication Stories of notable events in the past tend to become part of the culture of the business and can influence behaviour explain how this relates to the case. A common language jargon is common to many business. It is a convenient short batch form of communication, but is also effect behaviour. Disney employees are cast faction while McDonalds employee are crew Members. You have to be careful to hold on to the facts of the case, and not to go off at a tangent. Part 2One of topics I found interesting through reading and taking part in discussion (book1 TMA01 Activity 1. 3) through TGF, which was the concept of business culture whether a business culture can be changed. At first I thought how a culture integrates in a business metaphorically and the more I read and researched the more I understood the bi g single-valued function it plays in a successful business. Many cultural element of a business is not obvious, but there has been attempts in the academic literature to develop definition and identify influencing factors.It is possible to see, or feel, that one business is different from another, and that this involves more than just how it present itself to the outside world.. During our discussion on whether a business culture can be changed, I felt that as human we have to adapt to new cultures to understand each other so for a business is imperative for changes to be put in place to modernise the business culture where needed to evolve the business. Some key factors influencing culture are Which industry or sector he business is in, and how much and what type ofcompetition it faces The procedures and policies within the business ever-evolving, but often a good indicator of underlying values. The reward system and the measurement of performance Good summary Where is your refer ences list? Where is your word count? MARKING GRID Part I uttermost Marks Your Marks Question 1 (a) Identify the problems faced by Lodge Bistro that relate to the study session chosen Explicit identification of the study session chosen20 List of problems106 Why these are problems and how these partake Lodge Bistro1814 Total marks Q1(a)30 20

You Decide - Case Study Essay Example for Free

You Decide Case Study EssayHMO which stands for fountainheadness Maintenance Organizations are licensed wellness plans that place appropriaters, as well as the health plans, with dealings with HMOs in that respect is a risk of medical expenses. The downfall with HMO is that endurings must go on inside their internet and if the go outside the network they will have to pay out of take expenses. HMO is very limited many a(prenominal) patients dont like limitations when it comes to their decision astir(predicate) their health. PPO which stands for stovepipe-loved Provider Organizations provides patients any provider of their choosing. It is known for PPO plans for patients to take advantage of discounts if they choose inside their network. The downfall with this plan, it understructure be costly if the patients go out of their network. The damages association will pay 80% of the amends and the patient is creditworthy for the remaining cost 20%. If the patient wants t o go out of their network hence the insurance fellowship would have to pay half the cost and the patient will be responsible for paying the remaining costs. Indemnity insurance is when a policy based upon a fee scale, such(prenominal) a sliding fee, with minimum limits on health shell out costs.The downfall is with this plan is the patients will get stuck with the measuring which was not covered by the insurance company. Problem Identification As reviewing Cooper-Pearson Sports Marketing Company, the company CEO, Mr. Donovan has told me that for the prehistorical two years he has lost fifteen key senior employees. Mr. Donovan states he believe whizz major reason he is losing his staff is because his company cannot afford to hire and train the best. He feels it is flub a time and money, especially if the companies have to hire youthful staff.Fearing the in the short run the new employees will not stay with company. When doing the exit interviews, he noticed majority of the int erviews with past employees, they would consistently celebrate leaving because of the lack of adequate or affordable medical insurance. When talking with former employee Daniel he state he the Cooper Pearson Sporting Marketing was his first job right out of college and he looked at the company as family, but as years past has more than obligations and the utilitys didnt fit his un reverseably with the pace with economics.Talking with Doulas who is potential employee, his enthusiasm for the company was incredible but unfortunately he has asthma attack and would have to visit his doctor on a regular basis. Douglas implied that there is limited medical insurance for his health boot needs. Situation Analysis By Organizations manage the quality of the services delivered by their network providers and facilities through a variety of means, including manipulation record audits, satisfaction data, and the tracking of complaints, adverse incidents, and quality of thrill concerns.Inc reasingly, managed behavioral health care organizations are expanding their quality measurement efforts to include patient safety considerations, evidence-based guidelines, treatment outcomes data, and objective measures, such as the Health Plan Employer Data Information being in commerce for ten years it is still a growing company and has potential of expanding. We have looked into manage-care physician credentialing is when company is seeking health care providers, the process must be conducted in a manner that meets the goals of managed care program.There are some perks when it comes to physician that uses physician credentialing such as Better payment from insurance carriers, this will not be a burdened with need to drain patients pocket Serving more patients which make physicians more reliable providers if they are listed in the Preferred Physicians Group and bar out of pocket expenses Improving quality in healthcare which includes an extensive background check to avoid fraud . Liberty to choose the fee plan, this would be the best way for a physician to choose the best fee plan that will be profitable to them, they can get fee per service or do capitation fee model based on average number of patients served per month in network Access to fee schedule which will determine the maximum reimbursement limit for different services and jockstrap send billing claims accordingly Positive Marketing with thorough physician credentialing plan it can provide a positive marketing benefit to network, rend large number of members through cost-effective plans.The benefit of prescription drug program to the employer and the employee is that employees can save money by going with generic medication, institutionalize order, and lower copayments. Pharmacy benefit is a very important component in health care benefits and when optimize can contribute to clinical, economic and quality of life outcome of benefit to payers as well as members.The importance of quality manageme nt indicator in quality management indicator in manage care programs are very essential to have basically to make sure the patient is satisfied, which is key to happy employees. Is it important to have quality assurance which makes sure records, tracking of treatment, are there are any complaints, any incidents and quality of care for the patients. SolutionsLooking over the problem and analyzing the data, I came up with few solutions that might Cooper-Pearson Sport Marketing Company, that would keep the employees he have and attractive new employees, by changing the health care plan. I think the company should have an HMO but it should be better HMO and I believe the company should also let the employees choose if they want PPO or HMO. Both Manage Care Programs have their perks and it will be benefiting not only the employee but the employer as well.If and when Cooper-Pearson Sports Marketing Company expands the company, they most definitely have to invest or least think about chang ing the health care insurance if they are going to keep their employees at the company and attract future employees. That is the only way to fix this issue with employees leaving because of the healthcare plan. The benefit of the employer improving the health care plan and implanting this in the plan is that employees would appreciate it and would want to stay and for the future employees would want to colligate the company.If the employees and future know that Cooper-Pearson Sports Marketing Company are in an affordable prescription that would help many that are on daily medication, in the long run they will be able to compute on not only the company but their health care and not have to chafe about their health. When employees know that there is a sense of quality management when it comes to their health care, they know the company have the health at best interest, the employees would know that they would be satisfied.

Co-Benefits Analysis of Air Pollution and GHG Emissions for Hyderabad Essay Example for Free

Co-Benefits Analysis of Air Pollution and GHG Emissions for Hyderabad EssayIn-country research teams, guided by policymakers and assisted by USA counterparts, identify key policy objectives and a range of conventional and innovative policy measures. The team analyzes the potential co-benefits of selected mitigation strategies and makes recommendations that inform policy decisions. Co-benefits analysis, outlined in Figure hold in primarily focused on estimating the human health benefits resulting from air quality improvements associated with increased use of tripping energy technologies and measures. IES analysis could be extended to quantify additional benefits, such as economic using impacts (e. g. , job creation, trade balance) and reduced traffic congestion.

Effective Teamwork Questionnaire Essay Example for Free

useful Teamwork Questionnaire EssayAnswer to each one question in 200 to three hundred words, using specific information from the text, Helping Annie, Team Building, and Building a Team of genius videos, and your research and experience.1. What ar the characteristics of effective police squads? How leave behind you ensure your collaborative crowd works effectively? Effective team are important, and their functions crucial to their success. I confuse found that clear goals, relaxed environment, open communication, and freedom to establish ideas and feelings are great ways to ensure success. In the video Helping Annie, the dynamics of the team were missed due to lack of information, who was right and who could be trustworthy. When team members meet, they should feel as though they blend in with the classify. They should feel a commitment to the goals and achievements to the gathering.What I know ab prohibited conferences are, that having valued diversity, defined roles, balanced participation, and conjunctive relationships help with moving the pigeonholing to a positive step forwardcome. As a participative leader, as it is said in our eBook Working In Groups, there is a balance of primary roles and when team members know their roles, work to their strengths, and actively manage weaknesses. (Engleberg, 2013, p. 55). I will commit myself to ensuring I respect commitments, consistent communication to the group, collaborate, and contribute to the groups goals and ideas with valuable information that helps in the decisions. I will also be aware of the groups diversity, talents and dynamics. I bring intimacy of how to deal with problems, planning techniques and ways to improve myself within the group.2. How will you deal with behavior that hurts your teams objectives? With conflict in a group environment, I would finagle it with respect, recognition, focused on accountability and be aware of unfulfilled needs of that particular team member. I would not reward the difficult behavior nor would I encourage the disruptive behavior. I believe that if you miss it or sweep it under the mat it takes time, energy away from the group, and Iwould want the group to crash it quickly. I would make sure that I/we do not citizen or brand that person as a trouble maker. I would work together with the group and the individual and encourage each tonic(prenominal) to focus on the groups interests and not individuals position.It is also important to ensure for opportunities that encourage and charge each team member in the group. I would express a slight listening ear to uncover the root of the problem. Listing out the objectives to the individual and the group and reminding them why we are here and how to accomplish them Practicing direct communications, body language and clarifying questions helps resolve the situation and gives the group lucidness to the behavior. In dealing with behavior that is disruptive to the group can be a challenge in itself, however it can be resolved with patients and a good listener.3. What are your proactive processes to keep a team member up to date if he or she misses a meeting? What are your disdain plans if things are not working on your team? there are several great ways to keep a team member up to date. Develop and cultivate easy ways to abide connected with those that miss. Face-to-Face and computer-mediated communications are great ways to reconnect and share ideas, goals and feelings. Face-to-Face provide splendid results in effectiveness, comprehension, and gives opportunities to be educated on the use of engineering. It builds up respect, inclusion and grows your professional relationship with the team member and group.Update through venues such as emails, skyping, this can be challenging to coordinate, this provides another mention of information. This can save time, money and bring the meeting/information to others that live far away. When things do not work out as they are supposed to, I chose to take a moment and mention out where things went areaway. Encourage others to share and discuss what happened and puddle new plans, goals that incorporate processes that help us die hard on track. Back up plans help in always being prepared for when things dont just right. When setting up your backup plans, tap into the group and find team members that have knowledge and expertise in planning. As I use this, it will set up the entire team in a supportive and positive atmosphere.4. How will you use technology to support your teams efforts? What are somequestions you should ask? Working with technology has made it easier to communicate, track the individuals / groups progress and increasing productivity. With using an assortment of media platforms such as emails, Skype, video conferencing,instant messaging, and facetalk. These software programs can assist in better group communication, making decisions, and discussing issues easily. I will educat e, create a how to of resources that will include information on each media platform. I would bring the group together in collaboration to see where they are with technology and create a smaller group to assist in the training.As new technology is made available, have continued training and education of the group as to stay current with technology. As with new technology always assessing the software, cell phones, computers, servers and other products are current. This will produce a group that is collaborating, productive, which will usefulness the company and group. Asking questions is a great way to understand and know your group. With technology, it is important to find out what media platforms the group are already using. I would also ask how can we stay on childbed with these different media platforms and which ones work best for the group. Stay consistent with the goal/ objective and have a group that through technology use, becomes one unit5. Is your team more task-focused or relationship-focused? Why? What are the implications to your team? I find that our group is a mixture of both task-focused and relationship-focused. I have seen just in the last class that we all want to succeed and grow from each others experience. With having the mixture of the two, the work is defined, and roles expected. There are structures in place a plan devised and we are organized to meet our tasks. As the group continues to work together, there is a supportive, motivating, and collaborating group. We are concerned with each person ideas, thoughts and actions. With these two types of people in the group, we can be productive, accomplish a lot and have a good time in doing it.Although with task-focused or relationship-focused, set up activities and follow up and follow through. With tasks, you can do it with encouragement and empower each team member to always do their best. Through the recommendations from our text this week, have an agenda, plan out your tasks, involve each team member, listen, and encourage them. By engagingyour team, you can meet the challenges of business headway on and with seasoned team members involved you can pull from their experiences and knowledge. They will become confident, learning new skills and lead successful change.REFERENCESEngleberg, Isa. (2013). WorkinWorking in Groups parley Principles and Strategies,Sixth Edition, by Isa N. Engleberg and Dianna R. Wynn. Published by Pearson.g in GroupsCommunication Principles and Strategies, Sixth Edition, by Isa N. Engleberg and Dianna R.Wynn. Published by Pearson. (6th ed.). Pearson.

Corporate Risk Management Essay Example for Free

corporeal encounter Management Essay venture refers to the precariousness that surrounds future events and outcomes. It is the expression of the likelihood and impact of an event with the probable to influence the achievement of an organizations objectives. take a chanceiness gripment is a systematic apostrophize to setting the best course of action infra uncertainty by nameing, assessing, discretion, acting on and communicating try issues. The Corporate Risk Management fashion model is a systematic, combine approach with a focus on managing fiscal dangers to enhance sh beholder value. The Corporate Risk Management impactes are indentification of the run a insecurity of infection, measurement , policy, process and execution. Those processes are utilised by corporate enterprises to manage the luck of fortuitous loss. Once corporate bumps have been determine and their impact on the firm measured, find perplexity attempts to control the size and frequency of loss, and to finance those fortuitous losses which do occur. Those are the master(prenominal) definition about the subject, which are to be discussed in this document.Risk Management is an ongoing activity and should be carried out as a part of day-to-day chore. The management of risk terminate only inquire place within an organisational framework that is inclusive of all parts of the corporate infrastructure. Without this framework, risks cannot be efectivelly discussed, communicated, compared and managed in a coherent way across the whole organisation. Risk should be a feature of any management discussion of any uncertain circumstances including new initiatives of any kind and the implementation of significant catsRisk management deals with insurable and with uninsurable risks and is an approach which involves a formal orderly process for systematically identyfying, analysing and responding to risk events throughout the life of a project to obtain the optimum or acceptable degree of risk elimination or control. Risk management is an essential part of the project and business planning troll which requires acceptance that uncertainty exists, generates a structured answer to risk in terms of alternative plans, solutions and contingencies ,is a thinking process requiring imagination and ingenuity and generates a realistic attitude in an enthronization for round by preparing them for risk events rather than being taken by surprise when they arrive.Risk management involves identifying risks, predicting how presumable they are and how serious they might become, deciding what to do about them and implementing these closings. Corporates finance is the precise area relations the financial decisions corporations make and the tools and techniques used to make the decisions. Categories of corporate financial decision making are objectives of investment decision, financial decision and financial techniques. Corporates need a more advanced risk management approach in order to benefit from a combative advantage from strategic risk management. They should manage risks proactively via an integrated approach with a focus on measurable financial risks.Quantitative techniques, such as specie flow-at-risk and earnings-at-risk, are prerequisite to look at the combined ensnare of risks on the formulated business objectives. acknowledgement of risks, analysis of implications, response to minimise the risk and allocation of the contigencies are part of the process of managing the corporate risk. The objective to managing the corporate risk is to understand the risk that is known to be associated with the corporate schema plan.This corporate risk management plan result enable the communication of the risks and risk treatments to be passed down to the strategic business building blocks that may be impacted by the risk and maintenance of the corporate risk register. Altough risks are evaluated at the corporate level, the power they mainta in over governments and consumers is phenomenal. Corporate risk startegy often implies planned actions to respond to identified risks. A typical corporate risk strategy includes the following * accountabilities for managing the corporate risk.* A corporate risk register go out be maintained as a record of the known risks to the corporate strategy plan the types of mitigating action recorded. * Treatment plans are identified that form part of the corporate strategy and will be communicated to the SBUs, so they in turn may manage the risk which may affect them. A first estimate of authority effects can be determined using assumption analysis, decision tree analysis and the range method. These models can then be used to evaluate the effectiveness of potential mitigating actions and hence select the optimum response. Mitigating actions can be grouped into four categories and potential action * Risk avoidance* Risk reduction* Risk change* Risk retentionCorporate management, often refe rred to as corporate strategy, is concerned with ensuring corporate survival and increasing its value not just in financial terms but also by variables such as market share, reputation and brand perceptions. thence the scope of corporate risk management is wide ranged to support the corporate strategy. A senior corporate manager owns the process and has the staff to resource the analysis and administrative activities. A board member champions the process ensuring access to information and resources. A core group of corporate broad members and strategic business unit executives can draw additional input from stakeholders such as shareholder representatives, representatives from study customers, partners and suppliers and external experts. At the corporate level a corporate strategy plan is often produced. The plan objectives are* get and maintain a strategy that achieves the corporate intent, corporate commitments and expectations of the customers, shareholders and different stak eholders. * Incorporate and maintain the commitments and the requirements of business sectors, specifically strategic business units and process owners that support the strategic direction. * Communicate the strategic direction and relevant objectives and come in to each strategic business unit. * Manage strategic change to maintain or gain competitive advantage.The risk management process can be viewed as the application of traditional management techniques to a particular problem. Risk management is a continous loop rather than a linear process so that, as an investment or project processes, a cycle of appellation, analysis, control and reporting of risks is continuously undertaken. travel in the risk management process include* setting risk-return goals,* identification and evaluation of the causes of potential get down or revenue fluctuation,* choice and balance of loss control and loss finance tools, and * implementation, proctoring and review. in that location are many opin ions about those processes.For example Chapman and Ward believe that there are eight phases in the risk management process. Each phases is associated with broadly defined deliverabe, and each deliverable is discussed in terms of its conception and the tasks required to produce it. Phases and deliverable structures* Define the spirit of this phase is to consolidate any relevant active information about the project, and to fill in any gaps uncovered in the consolidation process. * Focus the purpose of this phase is to look for and develop a strategic plan for the risk management process, and to plan the risk management process at an operational level. * Identify the purpose of this phase is to identify where risk may arise, to identify what might be done about the risk in proactive and reactive terms, and to identify what might go wrong with the responses. Here, all the risks and responses should be identified, with threats and opportunitiess classified, characterised, documente d, veified and reported. * Structure the purpose of this phase is to test the simplify assumptions, and to provide a more complex structure when appropriate.Benefits here include a clear understanding of the implications of any important simplifying assumptions about relationships between risks, responses and base plan activities. * Ownership at this phase invitee/contractor allocation of ownership and management of risk and responses occur, such as the allocation of client risks to named individuals, and the compliment of contractor allocations. Here, clear ownership and allocations arise the allocations are effectively and efficiently defined and legally enforceable in practice where appropriate. * Estimate this phase identifies areas of clear significant uncertainty and areas of thinkable significant uncertainty.This acts as a floor for understanding which risks and responses are important. * Evaluate at this stage synthesis and evaluation of the results of the estimatio n phase occurs. Diagnosis of all important difficulties and comparative analysis of the implication of responses to these difficulties should take place, together with specific deliverables like a prioritised list of risks or a comparison of the base plan and contingency plans with possible difficulties and revised plans. * Plan at this pase the project plan is ready for implementation. The main processes involved in project risk management are * risk identification, risk quantification and analysis, * risk response, selection of risk response options,* outputs from the risk response process,* outputs from the risk response process,* risk management within the project life cycle,* the tasks and benefits of risk management,* the beneficiares of risk management.Risk identification consists of determining which risks are likely to affect the project and documenting the characteristics of each one. Risk identification should adress both the internal and the external risks. The primary sources of risk which have the potential to cause a major effect on the project should also be determined and classified according to their impact on project cost, metre schedules and project objectives. Inputs and outputs of the Risk Identification Process .Inputs to risk identification are tending(p) as product or service commentary other planning outputs (work breakdown structure, cost and time estimates, specification requirements) historical information.Outputs to risk identification are sources of risk potential risk events risk symptoms imputs to other processes. After identification risks should be validated, for instance, the information on which they are based and the accuracy of the description of their characteristics should be checked. The purpose of risk identification is to identify and the project or service components, the inherent risks in the project or service, to capture the most significant participants in risk management and to provide the basis for subsequ ent management, to stabilise the groundwork by providing all the necessary information to conduct risk analysis.Risk quantification and analysis involves evaluating risks and risk interactions to assess the range of possible outcomes. It is primarily concerned with determing which risk events warrant a response. A number of tools and techniques are available for the use of risk analysis and quantification and the analysis process.Risk response involves defining enhancement steps for opportunities and responses to threats. Risk avoidance involves the removal of a particular threat. This may be either by eliminating the source of the risk within a project or by avoiding projects or business entities which have exposure to the risk.Since the significance of a risk is related to both its chance of occurence and its effect on the project outcome if it does occur, risk reduction may involve either lowering its probability or lessening its impact ( or both ).Projects may be seen as invest ment packages with associated risks and returns. Since a typical project or business involves numerous stakeholders, it follows that each should own a proportion of the risk available in order to elicit a return.Basically, risk transfer is the process of transferring risk to another(prenominal) participant in the project. Transferring risk does not eliminate or reduce the criticality of the risk, but exactly leaves it for others to bear the risk. Risk Retention .Risks may be retained intentionally or unintentionally. The latter occurs as a result of failure of either or both of the first two phases of the risk management process, these being risk identification and risk analysis. If a risk is not identified or if its potential consequences are underestimated, then the organisation is unlikely to avoid or reduce it consciously or transfer it adequately.Corporate risk refers to the liabilities and dangers that a corporation faces. Risk management is a set of procedures that minimizes risks and costs for businesses. The origin of a corporate risk management department is to identify potential sources of trouble, analyze them, and take the necessary steps to prevent losses There are several steps in any risk management process. The department must identify and measure the exposure to loss, select alternatives to that loss, implement a solution, and monitor the results of their solution. The goal of a risk management team is to protect and ultimately enhance the value of a company. With corporations, financial risks are the biggest concern. Just as with standard insurance policies for physical damage, some financial risks can be transferred to other parties.Derivatives are the primary way that corporate risk is transferred. A derivative is a financial contract that has a value based on, or derived from, something else. These other things can be stocks and commodities, absorb and exchange rates or even the weather when applicable. The three main types of derivati ves that corporate riskmanagers use are futures, options, and swaps. Corporate risk is especially prominent during difficult times in the economy. Risk management teams will take less chances when the economy is less forgiving. They will do everything necessary to avoid additional risks, which in some cases can contribute to a decrease in credit availability and less overall spending.* Corporate Risk Management ,second edition, Tony Merna Faisal Thani 2008 * Analysis Evaluation,second edition, Neil Cowan 2005 *http//www.decs.sa.gov.au/docs/documents/1/DecsRiskManagementFramewo.pdf * http//www.wisegeek.com/what-is-corporate-risk.htm

Security Strategies in Web Applications Essay Example for Free

Security Strategies in Web Applications EssayWeb application design and cryptanalysis defects are the main reasons to create a secure coding policy and guidelines. The policy/guidelines are to go forth awareness and ensure earnest when developing code. Techniques to secure code checkGenerally, IT analyst can ramify the secure code review process into two different techniques 1. Automated tool based/ black-market Box In this approach, the secure code review is done use different open blood line/commercial tools. Mostly developers use them maculation they are coding, but a certification analyst whitethorn in addition take help of them. Tools are very useful while doing code review when we employ the secure SDLC process in the organization and provide the tool to developers themselves to do a self-code review while they are coding. Also, the tools are useful in analyzing large codebase (millions of lines). They can quickly identify potential hazardous pieces of code in the code base, which whitethorn be analyzed by the developer or a security analyst (Infosec). 2. Manual/ White Box In this technique, a thorough code review is performed everywhere the whole code, which may become a very tedious and tiresome process.But in this process, limpid flaws may be identified which may not be possible using automated tools, much(prenominal) as business logic problems. Automated tools are mostly capable of finding skilful flaws such as injection attacks but may miss flaws like authorization problems. In this process, instead of passing line by line through whole code base, we can concentrate on potential problems in the code. Those potential vulnerabilities can be given a high priority. For example, in C/C++, if we try to find any copying function in the code and check whether its using functions such as, strcpy() for performing copy function. As we know, strcpy() is known to be vulnerable to buffer overflow attacks. We may also want to check if any customized encryption is being utilise in the application, which automated tools may miss as they can identify standard algorithms only(Infosec). Introducing security into NISTs Five SDLC Phases inductance Phase Consists of all activities used to identify the different requirements from all stakeholders. This includes defining stakeholders, conducting stakeholder interviews and possibly some prefatory prototyping. It is also important to identify security requirements (Harwood, 2011). Development Acquisition Phase Transition functional and technical requirements into detailed plans for an actual information system. Results from interviews, use cases, and mock ups are developed into sequence diagrams, activity diagrams, call down diagrams, and other artifacts that can be interpreted by software developers. User interfaces are also be in greater detail (Harwood, 2011). Implementation Assessment Phase Actual coding of an information system. every(prenominal) of the analysis an d design artifacts previously created are transformed into application code by developers/programmers. This phase also includes testing and debugging (Harwood, 2011). Operations Maintenance Phase Encompasses all activities required to keep the system working as intended (monitoring, patch management, application fault remediation and audits). Disposition Phase Ensures that information is retained, as necessary, to align to current legal requirements and to accommodate future technology changes that may render the retrieval method ancient (Harwood, 2011). SummarizationThe Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC) is a process to help ensure the fortunate development, operation and retirement of information systems. The SDLC has numerous methodologies including Waterfall, Fountain, Spiral, Build and Fix, Rapid Prototyping, Incremental, and Synchronization and Stabilize. While they share prevalent processes such as Design, Implementation, and testing, one of the most promising metho dologies is Waterfall. It has several advantages It is one of the most widely used and accepted methodologies and nearly all other methodologies derive from Waterfall. Its linear approach makes it easy to demonstrate where security fits into each(prenominal) phase. A crucial part of the SDLC is the source code review.The purpose of source code review is to discuss, exchange information, and explain the code. Explaining the code will help identify problems and may provide new solutions in the troubleshooting process. Effective code reviews can includeautomated reviews. It is vital to implement security controls at each phase of the SDLC (Harwood, 2011). Best practices should include policies and guidelines that explain that software should be free from exploitable code vulnerabilities to meet the direct of confidence. The code should provide security functionality as intended. Review and maintain Best Practices and guidelines annually. Including security early in the information sy stem development life cycle (SDLC) will usually result in less(prenominal) expensive and more effective security than adding it to an operational system (Harwood, 2011).Works CitedHarwood, M. (2011). In Security Strategies in Web Applications and Social Networking. Burlington Jones Bartlett Learning, LLC, an Ascend Learning Company. Infosec. (n.d.). Retrieved from Infosec http//resources.infosecinstitute.com/secure-code-review-practical-approach/

Phase 2 Individual Project Essay Example for Free

Phase 2 Individual projection EssayThere ar many crinklees that present expanded their business internation all toldy in install to benefit in some sort of way rather it revenue or a best trade for their product. In this thesis, I exit research a multination company and its international strategy everyplace the last 10 years. I will elaborate on it international orientation and rather it etho-, poly-, or geocentric. I than explain why the company decided on expanding to the chosen locations. Then I will clarify if they had core capability to succeed in those markets, along with its opportunities and constraints. Last, I will define pass judgment bowed stringed instrument dispersal and integration strategy and describe the strategy thats organized around it.I chose to research McDonalds, beca mathematical function it is one of the about victorful restaurant chains around the world. They use effective management to strategize global expansion. . They buzz off effect ive customer brand loyalty through their Human Resource section and company personnel. McDonalds international orientation has ethnocentric and polycentric approaches. Its ethnocentric approach begins with how they initially entered international markets by leveraging standardized product offerings, clean and bright environments, and American brand equity (McDonalds mastery Strategy and Global elaboration through Customer and Brand Loyalty). But with changing times McDonalds have adapted to local anaesthetic regions remodeling it retail space and while changing product line to appeal to local taste. By the golden arch being connected to American culture, it can be at essay in other countries by not staying true to what McDonalds stand for. By brushing excursion ethnocentric considerations, it could be an identity lost.The polycentric approach is how they renderd growth and employment to a vastnumber of minority groups in the United States and people around the globe. McDonald s is culturally connected around the world be providing business training for employees in Hong Kong and in the UK offering 1800 to employees to continue their education, just to name a few. The influence and most of McDonalds conquest is the investment of significant in their employees growth and job satisfaction. McDonalds was founded in 1943, and 1967 British Colombia was its first international expansion, advertising to middle and upper class. McDonalds decided to expand internationally, due to the enormous success in America. There was heavy research involved in the expansion. Through globalization and internationalization, McDonalds were able to develop marketing strategies according to cultural needs, to serve specific target markets. McDonalds enter Indias foreign market and 1996 and is a tough foreign market to enter, but with McDonalds success they were able to earn senior high school revenue in India.The success strategy is researching and the development of food. McDona lds thoroughly analyzed the preferred taste, especially to not offend locals. Their key to success is to think global, act local. Furthermore, McDonalds is a true franchise success the success of McDonalds goes back to its roots, the start. By being consistent and providing quality service, cleanliness, and revalues at all times, customers have nothing to complain about and customers always know what to expect locally and internationally. With making things impertinent and fresh, innovation is a key component to the success internationally. By taking the necessary steps and find differences in cultures, they were able to tweak their products without causing disruption. Also, McDonalds covers bad into success, by being in the forefront of environmental issues McDonalds took their issues and established their own Global Environmental committee and outlined the steps to reduce solid waste. oer the years there has been much global health concern, mainly in relation to children. In response to the concerns, McDonalds formed the Global Advisory Council (GAC) in 2004.The GAC is an international team of independent experts assembled by McDonalds to provide us with professional guidance in the areas of nutrition and childrens well-being (The Success of McDonalds Franchise). Finally, what is value chain dispersal and integration strategy? Value chain dispersal is how a business receives data and takes the information to add value to their business in the selling of their product to customers.Value chains can receive goods or services. The goal of the business to produces maximum value for the least total cost. Integration strategy is use in the training of management and employees, reduce in-effective communication, and reduce cost. The international strategy that is organized around value chain dispersal and integration strategy involving McDonalds, is that they know their strengths and weaknesses.Adding values strengthens the corporations as a global economy, w here the weaknesses are transformed into a positive factor. These projects take effective management. Effective in management in turn can produce great employees, in which they can effectively communicate and execute the mission and statement. In conclusion, it was very informing to research a franchise success, such as McDonalds. What is even more matter to is their success locally and internationally and how they cater to different cultures, by researching needs and wants. McDonalds knows what takes to be a huge success is and success takes brain-storming, along with talent.ReferenceMcDonalds Success Strategy And Global Expansion Through Customer And Brand Loyalty. The Clute Institute Journal Of Business Case Studies, 3. Retrieved from http//journals.cluteonline.com/index.php/JBCS/article/view/4857/4949 McDonalds International Strategy Squander Brand Equity? (2009). Retrieved from http//www.sundarganapathy.com/blog/2009/04/20/mcdonalds-international-strategy-squander-brand-equity / Roger, Arvind, Kashlak, Rabi, Bhagat, Phatak (2009). International Management Managing in a Diverse and Dynamic Global Environment (2nd ed.). Course Smart Solutions. Retrieved from http//wow.coursesmart.com/9780077674113/?CSTenantKey=coloradotechspid= The Success of McDonalds Franchise. (n.d.). Retrieved from http//www.franchisedirect.com/information/trendsfacts/thesuccessofmcdonalds/8/1111/note4

Ten Ways to Improve Your Interpersonal Skills Essay Example for Free

Ten Ways to Improve Your Interpersonal Skills Essay acquiret discount the importance of interpersonal skills in the workplace. How you are perceived by your manager and co-workers plays a large role in things as minor as your day-to-day happiness at the chest of drawers and as major as the future of your career. No matter how hard you work or how more brilliant ideas you may have, if you cant connect with the hoi polloi who work around you, your professional liveness pull up stakes suffer. The good news is that there are several concrete things that you can do to remedy your social skills and become closer to your colleagues. All of these tools leave behind ultimately help you succeed in directlys working world. Try these 10 helpful tips for improving your interpersonal skills1- Smile-Few people want to be around some wizard who is always down in the dumps. Do your best to be friendly and upbeat with your co workers. Maintain a positive, cheerful attitude almost work an d about life. Smile often. The positive energy you radiate will draw otherwises to you.2- Be appreciative- Find one positive thing about everyone you work with and let them hear it. Be generous with praise and amiable words of encouragement. Say thank you when someone helps you. Make colleagues feel welcome when they call or double back by your office. If you let others know that they are appreciated, theyll want to give you their best.3- Pay attention to others- Observe whats going on in other peoples lives. Acknowledge their happy milestones, and express engage and sympathy for difficult situations such as an illness or death. Make eye contact and get across people by their first names. Ask others for their opinions.4- Practice active listening- To actively listen is to indicate that you intend to hear and understand anothers point of view. It means restating, in your own words, what the other person has said. In this way, you know that you understood their meaning and they know that your responses are more than lip service. Your coworkers will appreciate knowing that you really do listen to what they have to say.5- People together- Create an surround that encourages others to work together. Treat everyone equally, and dont play favorites. Avoid talking about others behind their backs. Follow up on other peoples suggestions or requests. When you strive a statement or announcement, check to see that you have been understood. If phratry see you as someone solid and fair, they will grow to trust you.6- Resolve conflicts- Take a step beyond obviously bringing people together, and become someone who resolves conflicts when they arise. Learn how to be an powerful mediator. If Co workers bicker over personal or professional disagreements, arrange to sit down with some(prenominal) parties and help sort out their differences. By taking on such a leadership role, you will garner respect and admiration from those around you.7- Communicate clearly- Pay close attention to both what you say and how you say it. A clear and effective communicator avoids misunderstandings with co workers, collegues, and associates. Verbal eloquence projects an image of light and maturity, no matter what your age. If you tend to blurt out anything that comes to mind, people wont put untold weight on your words or opinions.8- Humour them- Dont be afraid to be funny or clever. Most people are drawn to a person that can make them laugh. Use your sense of humour as an effective tool to lower barriers and gain peoples affection.9- See it from their side- Empathy means being able to put yourself in someone elses property and understand how they feel. Try to view situations and responses from another persons perspective. This can be accomplished through and through staying in touch with your own emotions those who are cut off from their own feelings are often futile to empathize with others.10- Dont complain- There is nothing worse than a chronic complainer or wh iner. If you simply have to vent about something, save it for your diary. If you must verbalize your grievances, vent to your personal friends and family, and keep it short. au naturel(p) those around you, or else youll get a bad reputation.

My Dream Career Essay Example for Free

My Dream Career strainWhen I was still young, I used to do my friends piluss-breadth as a hobby. Most of my friends want the fuzz style that I did for them. I also remember, how happy I was, each time I did the hair of my friends. However, I never thought that this hobby could possibly turn into my dream career. by and by I entered the junior high school, which was an each-boy school, I realized that I was left out in the cold by classmates just because I was beguileed in stylizing hair. I would bring lots of magazines to the school to keep street smart with hair styling trends.Whenever I was reading the magazine, my classmates would say, Girlish boy, you shouldve been born as a girl. I guess having an interest in hair style wasnt viewed as a profession for a normal boy. In my last year of middle school, there was angiotensin converting enzyme haunting event that made it enjoyable and memorable. In Korea, on a usual school day, students are not allowed to use any col loidal gel, or disperse on their hair. Therefore, every student waits for the start photo day because this is the day they can do their hair with hair stylish products as much as they please.As other boys did, I brought hair gel and dryer to do my hair at school. I didnt do my hair at menage in the morning because I knew the hair looks best after putting hair stylish products. After I did my hair, some of my classmates, including the classmates who had been holloing me girlish boy, came to me, and asked me to do their hair. They said, If we all like our hair, we wont call you girlish boy anymore. It was an unexpected suggestion, but I was confident that they would like my job. So, I accepted their suggestion, and tried and true my best to stylize their hair using gel and dryer.Fortunately, they all liked their hair, and a few weeks hence, the graduation photo also came out really good to everybodys expectations. Since then, they became my friends, and we still keep in touch, a lthough Im currently living in the U. S. By the time I entered the high school, another unforgettable event happened that confirmed my plans for becoming a professional hair designer. One bright day, I and my first brother visited Hair Day, which was owned by my brothers friend, Paul Kim, in Seoul.The name of the investment firm was quite impressive to me due to its unique name, Hair Day, although a typical name like hair salon could have been more meaningful. Paul Kim is a very famous hair designer in Seoul, and has many Korean celebrities as his regular customers. When I visited his studio for the first time, I saw a famous Korean celebrity, Bi, who is better known as Rain in the U. S. As he entered the studio, I hardly recognized him because of his messy hair. However, after Paul Kim worked on his hair, he immediately transformed into a gorgeous celebrity known to everybody.The hair style that Paul Kim had done for Bi was the same style I had seen on television. Since Bi is so popular, and his hairstyle is always up-to-date, many young boys in Korea mimic his hairstyle. Moreover, all of Bis hair styles that were shown on Korean television were the work of Paul Kim. After Bi left, an English-Speaking customer came into the studio to get a hair cut. The customer seemed an acquaintance of Paul Kim because he was delighted to see him. When they spoke with each other, I was amazed at Paul Kims mogul to speak English. Later, I was told by my brother that Paul Kim had studied in the U.S. , and had obtained a Business validation degree, which is possibly one of the reasons his hair studio is doing so well. Ever since I visited Paul Kims hair studio, I had a strong desire to become a famous hair designer, who is not lone(prenominal) intellectual but also has a good aesthetic sense. I decided that Paul Kim is unfeignedly a man, whom I want to emulate when I grow up. The fe manful hair designers outnumber the male hair designers in Korea. However, most of the no table hair designers in Korea are men. I hope one day I will be one of those notable hair designers not only in Korea but also in the entire world.

UK DMS Military Amputee Rehabilitation Strategy

UK DMS armament Amputee replenishment StrategyIntroductionThe previous chapter provided information regarding the context and background to the study, the research aim and objectives, the statement of the problem, the ground and limitations of the study, and the study structure.Glob solelyy, the availability of rehabilitative staff and for that matter wellness workers in general has become a cause for concern. WHO (2006) commented that the world faces a shortage of 4.2 million wellness workers. Experts have warned that the issuance of health workers existence trained domestically in m whatever countries is threatened by the strain on public finances inflicted by the ongoing economic crisis. The EU could face a shortage of 1 million health professionals by 2020 or 2 million if semipermanent c argon and auxiliary professions atomic number 18 also mootn into account (Jensen, 2013). To combat these shortages, the UK and USA recruit staff on an industrial and inter study scale (Eckenwiler, 2009).This chapter entrust review the UK DMS armed forces amputee reclamation scheme. Comparing the UK with US, it will review the orbiculate re innovativeal situation, discussing a number of issues affecting service provision, and replenishment staff availability. Additionally, the chapter will review some of the current evidence reenforcement the impact motility has on the retentivity of civilian re red-hotal staff, and review perspectives underlying staffs willingness to stay with health establishments.UK Military refilling StrategyThe principal aim of the UK DMS rehabilitation Strategy (the demur Military Rehabilitation Programme) is to return service personnel to operational levels of fitness as soon as possible the fitter quicker principle. Where this is non achievable e.g. military amputee patients the aim is to attain the maximal level of sensible, psychological and kindly health possible (MOD, 2010, p.1).The Defence Military Rehabilitation St rategy (the Defence Medical Rehabilitation Programme) currently encompasses two distinct capabilities the DMRC (Defence Medical Rehabilitation Centre) and the DMRS (Defence Medical Rehabilitation Service). The DMRC is the foremost Defence re ramblement nitty-gritty where service personnel pot run into refilling for neurological, obscure trauma (polytrauma) or force contemporaries musculoskeletal conditions. The DMRS (MOD, 2016) is provided through a tiered network of refilling facilities including 152 Primary Care Rehabilitation Facilities (PCRF) and 15 Regional Rehabilitation Units (RRU) across the UK and Ger numerous. The PCRFs are Unit/Station establish rehabilitation departments offering physi otherwiseapy and exercise therapy on an outpatient basis. Patients with injuries that postnot be resolved at this level are referred to RRUs who provide rapid rag to imaging work, podiatry and residential rehabilitation.The Defence Military Rehabilitation Programme is also supp orted by PRCs (Personnel Recovery Centres). They are residential facilities situated in or near garrisons and are gettable to all members of the Armed Forces during their recovery from sickness or injury. They aim to assist personnel back to either military service or a second upkeeper in a civilian occupation.US Military Rehabilitation StrategyUnited States Military Rehabilitation Strategy recognised the need for an overhaul of rehabilitation operate during the War in Afghanistan. Seven years after US troops entered the Afghanistan negate, Congress passed the Defence Authorization Act of 2008, which reflected legal and health anguish workers concerns about the case and availability of medical care go (Lister, Panangala, and Scott, 2008). Accordingly, todays casualties receive an effective and expansive set of rehabilitative services that are akin to those seen in the in the United Kingdom.US rehabilitative care is provided by Tricare (a health care program of the United State s department of Defense Military Health System) and the Veterans Association (VA)2.Global Rehabilitation Issues Amputee ServicesAmputee rehabilitation services in racy income countries are usually centrally funded and provide effective support. Amputee rehabilitation in humiliated and warmheartedness income countries depends on their nations stage of study. In areas beset by war (for example Cambodia, Vietnam, Angola, Mozambique and Uganda), the greatest number of amputations (Staats, 1996) results from conflict and landmine explosions. As war drags on, the number of amputees increases and becomes an economic burden. In some countries the number of amputees is so great it is considered an ecologic as well as economic disaster this is the amputee volume imperative. In these regions amputee rehabilitation in any form is a luxury, if it is gettable at all.Global Rehabilitation Issues Population EffectsWhen delivered at its beat, rehabilitation provides people with the tools t hey need to attain maximal health, function, independence and self-determination (WHO, 2002). The adult male Health Organization (WHO) and the World Bank estimate that people with disabilities constitute at least 15% of the worlds population, with the majority in menial and middle-income countries (WHO, 2011 Pryor and Boggs, 2012). Despite the put outd increase in rehabilitation cases worldwide, prioritizing and observe of progress to improve health services for people with disabilities remains forgetful (Tomlinson et al., 2009). International evidence shows that people with disabilities have many unmet health and rehabilitation ineluctably, face barriers in accessing mainstream health-care services, and consequently have poor health.With an ever-increasing incidence and prevalence of chronic disabling non-communicable diseases (Boutayeb and Boutayeb, 2005) and a global health refocus on reducing mortality, the world is experiencing a growing demand for rehabilitation services . Generally all the same, physical and functional rehabilitation is not emphasized in global health address (Pryor and Boggs, 2012), despite many recent documents, including various national and international policy instruments and the World Report on Disability (2011) that stressed that physical rehabilitation services are a necessary element of a comprehensive system. The WHO Global Disability Action Plan 2014-2021 (2015) allow ins the strengthening of rehabilitation services as a key objective. To achieve this objective, it provides capacity figing actions (to meet this objective) for member states, national and international partners. Currently however, rehabilitation services, particularly in low and middle-income countries, do not have the capacity to adequately address the needs of their populations.Global Rehabilitation Issues Finance and ResourcesUK and US military rehabilitation strategies are able to provide tiered and specialist services as they are centrally funded . Specialised amputee services in high income countries fundament also attract charitable donations in ordinate to achieve the best care solution.Where rehabilitation is adequately financed, national rehabilitation strategies (NRH, 2009) dictate that care should be delivered from 3 perspectives general rehabilitation specialist rehabilitation and a complex specialised rehabilitation service (C-SRS). In high income countries (UK, US, Australia, New Zealand, Norway, Sweden) rehabilitation is structured in health care and financed under the national health system (Lilja et al., 2009 WHO, 2004). In other countries responsibilities are divided between different ministries. This stymies rehabilitation services at regional and local level they are often poorly coordinated and not integrated into the overall system (OECD, 2008).The cost of rehabilitation foot be a barrier for people with disabilities in high-income as well as low-income countries. Rehabilitation is gnarly even where ce ntral funding from government, insurers, or NGOs is available, as it may not cover enough of the cost to wreak it affordable (Bijelow et al., 2004). Deficits in the New Zealand rehabilitation infrastructure and hands already severely compromise access to and provision of rehabilitation services (New Zealand Rehabilitation Association, 2014). Australia (the sixth largest country in the world) is a high-income country, rank 19th in terms of per capita GDP. The development of health services in Australia has mainly been focused on metropolitan and regional areas, with both on-site and outreach locations. A review of 30 years of development in rehabilitation, clinical services, and education reforms in Victoria (Pryor and Boggs, 2012), indicates that progress has been indifferent with mistakes, dead ends and successes along the way.Financing strategies can buoy improve the provision, access, and coverage of rehabilitation services, particularly in low-income and middle-income countr ies. Whilst it can be assumed that any vernal strategy should be carefully evaluated for its applicability and cost-effectiveness in front being implemented, the reality is that rapid implementation negates strategic review. In low and middle income countries, physical and functional rehabilitation is particularly challenging, given human choice shortages and inadequate funding of health care. In these situations, rehabilitation services have evolved in unique ways. They are often strongly linked to humanitarian responses and wider hinderance actions, and are less(prenominal) connected with mainstream health care than in other settings. Aid agencies from Australia, Germany, Italy, Japan, New Zealand, Norway, Sweden, the United Kingdom, and the United States have supported such activities (Dolea, 2010).The rehabilitation sector is frequently disconnected from the health sector and is closely linked with poverty reduction strategies. expressage resources and health infrastructure in maturation countries, and in arcadian and remote communities in developed countries, can reduce access to rehabilitation and quality of services (World Bank, 2009). In a survey of the reasons for not victimisation health facilities in two Indian states, 52.3% of respondents indicated that no healthcare facility in the area was available (World Bank, 2009). Other countries lack rehabilitation services that have proven effective at reducing long-term costs, such as early intervention for children under the age of five (Stucki et al., 2005 Rimmer, 2006 Storbeck and Pittman, 2008). A study of users of community-based rehabilitation (CBR) in Ghana, Guyana, and Nepal showed limited impact on physical well-being because CBR workers had difficulties providing physical rehabilitation (Stucki et al., 2005). A 2005 global survey (SNCDD, 2006) of the implementation of the nonbinding, United Nations Standard Rules on the Equalization of Opportunities for Persons with Disabilities found tha t in 48 of 114 (42%) countries that responded to the survey, rehabilitation policies were not adopted in 57 (50%) countries legislation on rehabilitation for people with disabilities was not passed in 46 (40%) countries rehabilitation programmes were not established.Spending on rehabilitation services is difficult to feel because it generally is not disaggregated from other health care expenditure. Many countries particularly low and middle income countries assay to finance rehabilitation, but rehabilitation is a good investment because it builds human capital (Haig et al., 2009). Health care funding often provides selective coverage for rehabilitation services, for example, by restricting the number or eccentric person of assistive devices, the number of therapy visits over a specific time, or the maximum cost (Dejong, Palsbo, and Beatty, 2002), in order to control cost. Governments in 41 of 114 countries did not provide funding for assistive devices in 2005 (SNCDD, 2006). In Haiti, before the 2010 earthquake, an estimated three quarters of amputees received prosthetic focal point due to the lack of availability of services (Bijelow et al., 2004). light access to prosthetic services that were available was attributed partially to users being unable to pay (Bijelow et al., 2004). Rehabilitation national survey in India, found two thirds of the assistive technology users reported having paid for their devices themselves (World Bank, 2009).Whilst global strategy recognised the need for appropriate resourcing, very few countries recognised the impact of disability on income. mountain with disabilities have reject incomes and are often unemployed, so are less likely to be cover by employer-sponsored health plans or private voluntary health insurance. If they have limited finances and inadequate public health coverage, access to rehabilitation may also be limited, compromising activity and confederacy in society (Crowley, 2003).Global Rehabilitation Issue s Availability of Services and StaffNational rehabilitation strategies use up competent professional staff in great numbers the global availability however of able /experienced rehabilitation professionals is on the decline (Chen, 2006). Not only do the settings for rehabilitation vary greatly from country to country, the availability of rehabilitation services in different settings varies within and across nations and regions (WHO, 2004 Haig, 2007 Tinney et al., 2007 Buntin, 2007 Ottenbacher and Graham, 2007). Haig et al (2009) airily concluded that the chance of a person with a disability in sub-Saharan Africa meeting a physician with specialist skills is about the same as that for an Antarctic penguin.Continuous WHO research has revealed wide cross-national disparities in the supply of rehabilitation health professionals. Lower income countries tend to have the lowest densities with less than 0.5 workers per 10,000 inhabitants in many countries of sub-Saharan Africa but also in some(prenominal) across Asia (Bangladesh, Nepal, Pakistan, Myanmar, India) and the Eastern Mediterranean (Iran, Yemen). Many high income countries including Finland, Japan, the United States, the United Kingdom and Canada have workforce densities several times higher (De Savigny and Adam, 2009). This finding is not surprising large differences across countries and critical shortages of highly skilled professionals in low-income countries have been well record (Chen, 2006).Building a cadre of trained amputee rehabilitation personnel is a goal of many shapings and governments. Dunleavy (2007) suggests that the quality of the rehabilitation workforce in low-income countries is both disturbing and dangerous. A recent comprehensive survey of rehabilitation in Ghana identified no rehabilitation doctor or occupational therapist in the country, resulting in very limited access to therapy and assistive technologies (Tinney, 2007). An extensive survey of rehabilitation doctors in sub- Saharan Africa identified only six, all in South Africa, for much than 780 million people, while Europe has more than 10 000 and the United States more than 7000 (Haig et al., 2009). Discrepancies are also large for other rehabilitation professions (Saxena et al., 2007).Many developing countries do not have educational programmes for rehabilitation professionals. According to the 2005 global survey, 37 countries had not taken action to train rehabilitation personnel and 56 had not updated medical knowledge of health-care providers on disability (SNCDD, 2006). Despite a huge need for rehabilitation services in both urban and rural Cambodia, for example, hospitals could not afford to hire rehabilitation professionals (Dunleavy, 2007).Global Rehabilitation Issues Communication and StrategyInadequate health information systems and communion strategies can contribute to low rates of participation in rehabilitation. Barriers to rehabilitation include poor communication across the healt h care sector and between providers (notably between primary and supplemental care), inconsistent and insufficient data collection surgical processes, multiple clinical information systems, and incompatible technologies (DiGiacomo, 2010). Poor communication can result in ineffective coordination of responsibilities among providers (Kroll and Neri, 2003). Complex referral systems can limit access. Where access to rehabilitation services is controlled by doctors (Dejong, Palsbo, and Beatty, 2002), medical rules or attitudes of primary physicians can obstruct individuals with disabilities from obtaining services (Hilberink, 2007). People are sometimes not referred, or inappropriately referred, or unnecessary medical consultations may increase their costs (Eldar, 2000 Holdsworth et al., 2006). The 2005 global survey (SNCDD, 2006) of 114 countries, revealed 57 did not consult with families of persons with disabilities about design, implementation, and evaluation of rehabilitation progr ammes. This directly challenged McColl and Boyces supposition (2003) that the development, implementation, and monitoring of strategy and policy should always include users.A study of rehabilitation medicine related to physical impairments in five central and eastern European countries suggested that the lack of strategic planning for services had resulted in an uneven distribution of service capacity and infrastructure (Eldar et al., 2008). Strategy and planning needs to be based on analysis of the current situation, and consider the main aspects of rehabilitation provision leadership, financing, information, service delivery, products and technologies, and the rehabilitation workforce (De Savigny and Adam, 2009), defining priorities based on local need. Many countries have good legislation and related policies on rehabilitation, but the implementation of these policies, and the development and delivery of regional and local rehabilitation services, have lagged.Retention of Rehab ilitation StaffLike other health staff, retaining rehabilitation professionals is affected by poor working conditions, prophylactic concerns, poor management, conflict, inadequate training, lack of career development and continuing education opportunities (Crouch 2001 Tinney, 2007 Lehmann, Dieleman, and Martineau, 2008 Tran et al., 2008 Dolea, 2010). High income countries do not suffer from this scarcity, as their economies regularly attract healthcare workers from low-income countries (Landry, Rickets, and Verrier, 2007 Mock et al., 2007 Lehmann, Dieleman, and Martineau, 2008 Willis-Shattuck, 2008 Magnusson and Ramstrand, 2009).Retaining professional workers is especially important as professional workers may have stronger professional than organisational identification reasons for staying (Robertson and Hammersley, 2000). Retention can prove difficult however as turnover tends to be growing rapidly across many industries (Si, Wei and Li, 2008). More importantly, when employees lea ve they take their know-how with them and thus an organisation risks a potential loss of experience and expertise (Walker, 2001 Frank, Finnegan and Taylor, 2004).Employers invest a draw play in recruiting and selecting employees and then invest even more in training and developing them over time. The development of these assets is an important task for human-resource motorcoachs (Sutherland, Torricelli, Karg, 2002). Moncarz, Zhao and Kay (2009) found that professional growth is an important retention factor and that in organisations where employees receive the proper training needed to assume greater responsibilities, turnover rates are generally lower (p. 441).Why Staff Stay With OrganisationsThe learning and development of employees is an important retention-supporting strategy (Horwitz, Heng, and Quazi, 2003 Kyndt et al., 2009). Tymon, Stumpf and Smith (2011) note how retaining the best professional talent is of great practical significance to organisations as it eliminates th e recruiting, selection and on-boarding costs of their replacement, maintains continuity in their areas of expertise, and supports a culture in which merit can be rewarded (p. 293). Advancement opportunities appear to motivate high-performer retention more so than other employees (Hausknecht, Rodda, and Howard, 2009).The design of management as a key factor in the retention of professional workers has been cited by several studies. Andrews and Wan (2009) link improved nurse retention to manager behaviour (p. 342) and Snyder and Lopez (2002) emphasize the role of leaders in an organisation in encouraging the talent of the organisation to stay.Research has shown that as long as employees feel that they are learning and growing, they will be less inclined to leave. On the other hand, once employees feel they are no longer growing, they begin to pure tone externally for new job opportunities (Rodriguez, 2008). Factors influencing retention appear to be the existence of challenging and meaningful work, opportunities for advancement, confirmative relationships with colleagues, empowerment, responsibility, recognition of capabilities and performance contributions, rewards, good work-life balance, good communication within the organisation, managerial integrity and quality, and new opportunities/challenges (Arnold 2005 Herman 2005 Pitts, Marvel, and Fernandez, 2011 Allen and Shanock, 2013). The role of management as a key factor in the retention of professional workers has been cited by several studies. Andrews and Wan (2009) link improved nurse retention to manager behaviour (p. 342) and Snyder and Lopez (2002) emphasize the role of leaders in an organisation in encouraging the talent of the organisation to stay. There appears to be two aspects of management that are particularly important in retention these being the adoption of an appropriate style of leadership (Spence Laschinger et al., 2009) and perceived management support (Paill, 2013).Since learning and de velopment opportunities appear crucial for the retention of knowing employees (Arnold, 2005 Echols, 2007 Rodriguez, 2008 Kroon and Freese, 2013) an organisation must establish a supportive learning and working climate. This makes development and learning critical for attracting and retaining employees, because talented people are inclined to leave if they feel they are not growing and stretching (Michaels, Handfield-Jones, and Axelrod, 2001, p. 14). relocation and StrategyRelocation is among one of the most radical strategic decisions a firm can make (Isabella 1990). Relocation is essentially a form of organisational change over, which, in its simplest form, can be defined as a difference between new and old settings (Weber and Manning, 2001, p. 229). Even when completed within the same vicinity, it is a complex and unsystematic process involving several stakeholders, phases and decisions (OMara, 1999). Whilst relocation can be perceptualised as a golden opportunity, with organisa tions utilise change as a catalyst to introduce elements of organisational change (Inalhan, 2009), it can have a noteworthy impact on real estate costs, productiveness, efficiency, workforce satisfaction, and meeting the overall business objectives (Morgan and Anthony, 2008 Christersson and Rothe, 2013). For employees, the combination of employment redesign and relocation can be challenging. Not only are they face a change in their workspace, they also lose the organisational patterns and roles that were a part of the old exposit (Milligan, 2003). Additionally, the way the change is delivered can also impact on how the change is received (Bull and Brown, 2011 Vischer, 2011).At an organisational level, many positive effects of relocation have been identified positive changes in employee behaviour enhanced employee satisfaction and productivity improved decision-making, collaboration and cross-selling improved retention and recruitment reduced churn costs and positive client feed back (Morgan and Anthony, 2008). On the other hand, relocation can also be risk-laden (Rasila and Nenonen, 2008). People form emotional links to physical environments, called place attachment (Milligan, 2003 Inalhan, 2009), and a relocation inevitably causes a disruption in this relationship to the old premises with some employees experiencing loss and grieving (Inalhan, 2009) or even a form of organisational death (Milligan, 2003).Early employee booking and empowerment to participate in decision-making should be a part of projects where workplace change is significant and a part of a cultural transformation. Effective managerial communication in an organisation helps to connect with employees, build positive relationships and frame attitudes and behaviours of employees in the workplace and numerous studies state that communication plays an important role in the change process (Elving, 2005 Hayes, 2007) and some even claim that employee communication can mean its success or failure (Barrett, 2002). Communication of the reason and impact of the workplace change is significant in influencing the participants to accept change, and it is suggested to be even more important than the frequency or amount of information supplied (Bull and Brown, 2011). Despite this, employee experiences of the relocation process have not been widely addressed, with the exception of needs and experiences of employees in long-distance relocations, where organisations move to a new geographical area and the employees will have to move to a new home to stay with the attach to (Rabianski, 2007). Studies conducted within a relocated setting, often focus on comparing employees experiences of the old office with the new one (Brennan, Chugh, and Kline, 2002 Brown et al., 2010), but do not give attention to how employees experience the change in location.ConclusionThe current economic situation has severely impacted global rehabilitation services. In low and middle income countries, inadequat e resourcing combined with an ineffectual health infrastructure and consistent neglect of rehabilitation services, leaves patients facing lifelong disability. Some countries are barely able to provide a single rehabilitation practitioner. chivy by the net effects of an ever increasing population, the increasing health burden will continue to destabilize and overwhelm the most basic rehabilitation services. Even affluent countries (UK and USA) struggle to retain or recruit personnel, depending on industrial-scale immigration of qualified rehabilitation staff from countries who can barely afford their release.Nations (and of course organisations, the DMS and MOD) recognise the qualities an experienced workforce can deliver. With the prospect of relocation, retaining these workforces can be difficult. Thus, the availability and maintenance of personalized and professional development are key retention strategies. Relocation however, can have diverse results. On the one hand it can r esult in positive changes in employee behaviour, enhanced employee satisfaction and productivity on the other it can result in a significant impact on the workforce, jumper lead to the loss of staff with a resulting shortfall in experience and expertise.Though there are a number of researchers that have investigated healthcare workers perspectives of relocation and retention, this literature review has revealed a lack of any available UK military associated research of its military or civilian staff. The next chapter will attempt to address the DMRC civilian rehabilitation workforces retention and relocation perspectives through a research methodology that will encompass a qualitative focus group and cross-sectional quantitative investigation.